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Chapter 1 Introduction  1.1 Scope and Background  1.2 Functions of Aireraft Environmental Control  1.2.1 nternal environmental control  1.2.2 External protection  1.3 Major Types of Aireraft Environmental Control Systems  1.3.1 Air cycle  1.3.2 Vapor cycle  1.4 Development of Aireraft Environmental Control  1.4.1 Occurrence of aireraft ECS  1.4.2 Development of air cycle ECS  1.4.3 Development of vapor cycle ECS  References  Review Questions and Problems Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Thermofluids  2.1 Thermodynamics  2.1.1 Substance and system  2.1.2 Energy  2.1.3 Heat reservoir, process, and cycle  2.1.4 Ideal gas  2.1.5 The first law of thermodynamics  2.1.6 The second law of thermodynamics  2.1.7 Carnot cycle and reversed Carnot cycle  2.2 Heat Transfer  2.2.1 Introduction  2.2.2 Steady state heat conduction  2.2.3 Lumped capacitance method for transient heat conduction problem  2.2.4 Internal forced convection  2.2.5 External forced convection  2.2.6 Natural convection and mixed convection  2.2.7 Radiation  2.3 Fluid Flow  2.3.1 Pressure drop equation  2.3.2 Single-phase frictional factor  References  Review Questions and Problems Chapter 3 Atmosphere and Aviation Physiology  3.1 Atmosphere  3.1.1 Structure of the atmosphere  3.1.2 Composition of the atmosphere  3.1.3 Physiological zone of the atmosphere  3.2 Atmospheric Pressure and Standard Atmosphere  3.2.1 Atmospheric pressure  3.2.2 Standard atmosphere  3.3 The Ideal Gas Law and Dalton's Law  3.3.1 The ideal gas law  3.3.2 Dalton's law  3.4 Climatic Design Conditions for Aircraft Environmental Control  3.4.1 Design pressure and density  3.4.2 Design temperature  3.4.3 Design humidity  3.5 Respiratory System  3.5.1 Phases of external respiration  3.5.2 Components and functions of the respiratory system  3.6 Effects of Hypoxia  3.6.1 Types of hypoxia  3.6.2 Signs and symptoms of hypoxia  3.6.3 Relationship between hypoxic hypoxia and altitude  3.7 . Effects of Decompression  3.7.1 Dysbarism  3.7.2 Explosive decompression  3.7.3 Effective performance time  References  Review Questions and Problems Chapter 4 Psychrometries and Steady Flow Energy Equations  4.1 Compositions of Dry and Moisture Air  4.2 Thermodynamic Parameters of Moisture Air  4.2.1 Humidity ratio, d  4.2.2 Saturation vapor pressure, Pw  …… Chapter 5 Components of Environmental Control and Refrigeration Chapter 6 Air Cycle Environmental Control Systems Chapter 7 Design and Performance Calculation and Simulation of Air Cycle Systems Chapter 8 Air Distribution System of Compartments Chapter 9 Heating Systems Chapter 10 Vapor Cycle Refrigeration Systems Chapter 11 Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Evaporators Chapter 12 Condensation Heat Transfer in Condensers Appendix