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Preface Acknowledgements Author biography 1 Fusion energy: concepts and prospects 1.1 Nuclear fusion and Lawson's criterion 1.2 Magnetic confinement 1.2.1 Tokamaks 1.2.2 Stellarators 1.2.3 Rotating theta-pinched mirrors 1.3 Inertial confinement References 2 Ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations and multi-parallel-fluid MHD theory 2.1 Moments of the kinetic equation 2.1.1 Continuity equation 2.1.2 Momentum equation 2.1.3 Energy equation 2.1.4 Entropy equation and adiabatic assumption 2.2 Ideal MHD equations 2.3 Multi-parallel-fluid MHD theory References 3 Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium 3.1 Flux coordinates for symmetric system 3.2 Grad-Shafranov equation 3.3 Green function and free boundary equilibrium 3.4 Solovev solution and modification 3.5 Local equilibrium near the X-point 3.6 Numerical solution of Grad-Shafranov equation: ATEQ code 3.7 Mirror equilibrium References 4 Ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) energy principle 4.1 Linear ideal MHD energy principle 4.2 Energy minimization for localized interchange modes 4.3 Energy minimization for high-n modes 4.4 Energy principle for tokamak geometry 4.4.1 Plasma energy 4.4.2 Vacuum energy 4.5 Energy principle in cylinder model References 5 Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mode spectrum in tokamaks 5.1 Singular differential equation in the MHD system 5.2 Alfven continuum theory in the real space 5.3 Continuum theory in the complex space: quasi-lnodes 5.4 Initial value problem: phase mixing 5.5 lnhomogeneous boundary value problem: plasma heating 5.6 Tokamak global MHD spectrum References 6 Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability theory in tokamaks 6.1 Radially localized modes: Mercier criterion 6.2 External radially localized modes: peeling modes 6.3 Ballooning modes 6.3.1 Ballooning mode representation and equations 6.3.2 Asymptotic behavior 6.3.3 Steep-pressure-gradient equilibrium model 6.4 Toroidal Alfven eigenmodes 6.4.1 TAE theory in the configuration space 6.4.2 TAE theory in the ballooning representation space 6.5 Internal kink type of modes 6.5.1 Configuration space description 6.5.2 Ballooning representation space description References 7 Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability computation:internal and external modes 7.1 Internal modes 7.2 External kink modes 7.3 Resistive wall modes 7.3.1 Rotation stabilization 7.4 Error-field amplification 7.5 Alfven modes References 8 Concluding remarks References Appendix A: Derivation of some basic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) formula Reference Appendix B: Acronym list