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Introduction
Chapter 1 Ecocriticism and Hardy's Ecological Thoughts
1£®1 An Overview of Ecocriticism
1£®2 Hardy's Ecological Thoughts
Chapter 2 Spirit of Place£º Hardy's Depiction of the Natural Environment
2£®1 The Quiet Pastoral Setting in Far from the Madding Crowd
2£®2 Symbolic Sense of Nature in Tess of the D'Urbervilles
2£®3 Nature as an Independent Entity in The Return of the Native
Chapter 3 Spirit of Place£º The Relationship between Hardy's People and Nature
3£®1 Characters Close to Nature
3£®2 Characters Alienated from Nature
3£®3 Characters Returning to Nature
Chapter 4 Spirit of Place£º Hardy's Influence on Other British Ecological Novels Exemplified by Rebecca
4£®1 The Natural World in Rebecca
4£®2 The Human World in Rebecca
Conclusion
References
Appendices
Afterword