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CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民

作者：陈锡文

出版社：外文出版社出版时间：2018-05-01

开本： 16开 页数： 301

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CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民版权信息

ISBN：9787119114705
条形码：9787119114705 ; 978-7-119-11470-5
装帧：一般胶版纸
册数：暂无
重量：暂无
所属分类：
政治军事
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政治
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中国政治

CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民内容简介

　　Today， the most fundamental factors of China's "three rural issues" are the issues ofland system and food. There are two reasons for this： First， the historical mission of China's agriculture is to feed the people growing and multiplying on this land， and the minimal goal of rural development in China is to feed and clothe its people. Second， the land system is the fundamental system of a country， one that adjusts basic economic relations and forms of distribution between government and people， people and land， and people and people. So， to some extent， land issues can be also interpreted as food issues. Further， if the land system does not meet the laws of agriculture and the needs of farmers， food issues willinevitably be difficult to solve，

CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民目录

Foreword
Chapter 1 China's Time-honored Agi：icultural Civilization
Section 1 The Origin and Creation of Chinese Agriculture
Section 2 The Oriental Mindset and Four Millennia of Agriculture
Section 3 The Main Agricultural Systems in Ancient ChIna

Chapter 2 PainfuIExploration of Agriculturaland Rural Development
Section 1 New China： Dirt Poor and All to Be Done
Section 2 Rural Land Reform： Striking Where It Hurt
Section 3 Formation of the State Monopoly on Purchasing and Marketing System
Section 4 The Cooperation Movement and the People's Commune System
Section 5 Why China Chose the Development Path of Rural Collective Land Ownership

Chapter 3 Huge RuralChanges： From Reformand Opening Up to the Turn of the New Millennium/iis
Section 1 Agricultural Production Returned to Farming Households
Section 2 Gradual Revival of the Market Mechanism for Farm Produce
Section 3 Boom in Rural Economy Under Multiple Ownership Systems
Section 4 From Rural Labor to Human Capital

Chapter 4 Establishment of the Policy System to Boost Agriculture， Benefit Farmers， and Increase Their Incomes in the New Millennium
Section 1 Establishment of "Top Priority ldeology
Section 2 New Campaign to Develop Modern Agriculture
Section 3 Great Efforts to Increase Farmers'Incomes
Section 4 Building a New Socialist Countryside
Section 5 Resolutely Fighting for Victory in the Battle Against Poverty
Section 6 Better Protection of Farmers' Land-Centered Property Rights
Section 7 Establishing Institutions for Integrated Urban and Rural Development
Section 8 Improving the Rural Governance Mechanism
Section 9 Outlook for the Future Development of China's Agriculture and Rural Areas
Bibhography

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CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民节选

　　《读懂中国农业农村农民（英文版）》：　　The mindset of prioritizing agriculture emerged in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and developed between the Spring and Autumn and War- ring States periods and the Qin and Han dynasties. During the Spring and Autumn Period, vafious vassal states launched never-ending wars of territorial expansion, in order to loot wealth and force small states into submission. Many politiaans of the time believed that an advanced ag-ricultural economy could play a decisive fole in winn/ng the wars, and so the concept of agriculture "first" and commerce "last" came into being very quickly. The outstanding manifestation of this thinking was the po- litical reform carried out in the Qin State by Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BC, politician and philosopher of the mid-Warring States Period, and a chief proponent of Legalism). On the one hand,it rewarded farming and mil- itary achievements, abolished the well-field system, acknowledged the le-gitimacy of feudalland ownership and of the buying and selling of land; on the other hand, it stipulated that "those who produce more food and cloth can be exempted from corvee labor and taxes; those who become poor through business or laziness shall be taken as slaves together with their wives and daughters," and that "heavy taxes shall be levied on those who do not farm and those who pursue profit through business."5　　The Qin Dynasty unified China in 221 BC. In order to consolidate its rule, Qin fully implemented rule by law, and officially established laws favoring agriculture and developing agricultural production. "The emper- or's merit lies in him diligently fulfilling his duty, putting agriculture fifst and commerce last, so the people become wealthy." The Han Dynasty carried on the same system, and Emperor Liu Bang stipulated that "busi-ness people may not wear silk or ride in carriages; they should be made poor and insulted with heavy taxes."6 According to the regulations of the Han Dynasty, business people, being lower in status than ordinary farm-ers, should have separate household registration. Of the "seven types of people recruited to perform military services in the frontier," four were the children or grandclruldren of merchants. The "Writs of Selection" of the Tang Dynasty ruled: "Anyone who personally engages in business or has relatives under the same grandparents doing so is ineligible for a gov- ernment post."7 Furthermore, undef the Tang Dynasty, persons engaged in commefcial activities wefe legally forbidden to ride a horse.　　Under the Song, commercial activities were not subject to geogfaph-ical restrictions or time limitations, and so developed very rapidly. The Dynasty was short of financial fesources and so implemented a system of government monopoly, which stipulated that, besides salt, liquor and tea, alum, iron, coal, spices, and precious objects were listed as goods that could be bought and sold by the government only. The Yuan Dy- nasty pursued the Song model of economic legislation, with monopolies on trade in salt, tea, liqUOf, gold, bronze, and iron so as to guafantee state income. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, while practicing the policy of "agriculture first, commefce last," the govefnment also stressed the policy of "maritime prohibition," Zhu Yuanzhang ordered: "People near the coast are forbidden to sneak out to sea secretively," and "people in the coastal region who trade via the sea will be punished, and so will their neighbors who know the truth but f to report them."8　　……

CHINA S AGRICULTURE.RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS-读懂中国农业农村农民作者简介

　　陈锡文，Mr. Chen Xiwen formerly held office as deputy head of the Central Leading Group for Rural Work and director of its working office, and still serves as a delegate to the 13th NPC and member of the NPC's Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee.　　orn in Shanghai in 1950, Mr. Chen was admitted to the Department of Agricultural Economics, Renmin University of China in 1978. After graduation, he worked in succession at the Institute of Agricultural Economics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the former Rural Development Research Center under the State Council, the Office of the Central Leading Group on Financial and FJconomic Affairs, and the Office of the Central Leading Group for Rural Work. Since the early 1980s he has been committed to theoretical and policy research on China's three ruralissues - agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.　　Mr. Chen is one of the major contributors in drafting some of' the vital documents guiding rural reform and development that have been issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council since 1983. As leader of the drafting team, he participated in drafting the annual No. 1 Central Document from 2004 to 2016, the reports delivered at the 17th and the 18th CPC National Congress, and the various decisions and recommendations issued at the plenary sessions of the CPC Central Committee.　　FolloMngin-depth research, Mr. Chen has published a series of treatises on the relationship between agriculture and the economy, the rural land system, agricultural management systems, national food security, farmers' income growth, rural industrialization, and urbanization. These publications, some produced in collaboration with other academics and some written solely by himself, have been awarded China's Sun Yefang Economic Science Award on four occasions. Mr. Chen has served as Distinguished Professor at the Party School of'the CPC Central Committee and Chinese Academy of Governance and Professor and Doctoral Supervisor at Tsinghua University, Renmin Universitv of China, and China AgTicultural University.

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