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ContentsChapter 1 Principles of scientific research 11.1 Objectives 21.2 Hypothesis 31.2.1 The size of a study 61.2.2 The type and number of measurements 71.2.3 Type and level of treatments 81.2.4 Assignment (or arrangement) of treatments 81.2.5 Environmental controls 8References 9Chapter 2 Analysis of variances and randomized designs 102.1 Partitioning of the sum of squares of a completely randomized design 112.1.1 Experimental unit and replication 112.1.2 Partition of sum of squares 122.1.3 With subsamples 142.2 Blocking and stratification of factorial experiments 162.3 Split plot designs 172.4 Latin squares 202.4.1 Extensions of latin square designs 222.4.2 Repeated latin squares 232.5 Split block designs 242.6 Repeated measurement experiment 262.7 Random and fixed effects 272.7.1 Concepts of fixed and random models in one-way classification experiment 272.7.2 Two way classification experiments 30References 34Chapter 3 Tests of assumptions of analysis and variance and variance estimation of transformed variables 353.1 Tests of assumption of homogeneity of variances 363.1.1 Hartley's test 363.1.2 Bartlett's test 363.1.3 Miller's jackknife test (a robust test) 363.1.4 Example 363.2 Test of nonadditivity 373.3 Transformation 393.4 Variances of combined variables 413.4.1 Methods 423.4.2 The theory 423.4.3 The taylor approximate 433.4.4 Monte carlo study 43References 45Chapter 4 Sample size and power analysis 464.1 Replication verse non-replication 464.2 Factors affect replications 474.2.1 None statistical factors 474.2.2 Some commonly encountered mistakes of analysis in experiments 484.3 Sample size for a mean and variance estimation 504.3.1 Stein's two-stage procedure 504.3.2 Sample size to estimate a population standard deviation 514.3.3 Tukey's simultaneous confidence interval procedure 524.3.4 Comparison of two treatment means 534.4 The sample size determination for randomized designs 544.4.1 Application to CRD experiments 554.4.2 Sample size for RCBD experiments 604.4.3 Sample size for latin square experiments 604.4.4 Application to split-plot experiments 644.4.5 Applications to 2-factor split-block experiments 674.4.6 Applications to repeated measurement experiments 704.5 Sample size for quality control 714.5.1 The direct method 724.5.2 The indirect method 73References 75Chapter 5Response surface and optimal designs 765.1 Box's response surface methodology 765.1.1 Response surface models design approach 765.2 Canonical analysis 835.3 Optimal input combination and isoprobs 865.4 Optimum designs using pretreatment data 895.4.1 The d-optimum designs 905.4.2 The h-optimum designs 935.5 Design evaluation method 965.5.1 The approach 965.5.2 Example 97 References 102Chapter 6 Geographic information systems: graphic presentations and spatial analysis 1036.1 Brief introduction to GIS 1036.2 Spatial data preparation 1056.2.1 Spatial data collection and acquisition 1056.2.2 Data organization and management 1086.2.3 Data editing 1106.2.4 Spatial data conversion 1126.3 Graphic presentations 1156.3.1 Mapping for spatial difference 1156.3.2 Distance mapping 1266.3.3 Time series mapping 1276.4 Spatial analysis 1316.4.1 Areas and features 1326.4.2 Distance and resistance 138References 142Chapter 7 Geographic information systems: spatial statistics and spatial data mining 1447.1 Statistical analysis of point/line/polygon model 1447.1.1 Point model analysis 1447.1.2 Line model analysis 1587.1.3 Polygon model analysis 1647.2 Geostatistical analysis 1767.2.1 Exploratory spatial data analysis 1777.2.2 Spatial interpolation 1897.3 Spatial data mining 1967.3.1 Brief introduction to spatial data mining 1967.3.2 Spatial regression 1987.3.3 Classification analysis methods 2027.3.4 Spatial association rules 2087.3.5 Cellular automata 212References 215Chapter 8 Geographic information systems: spatial decision and modeling 2178.1 Spatial overlay model 2178.1.1 What is spatial overlay ? 2178.1.2 Analytical hierarchy process 2188.1.3 Application examples£¬ landfill site construction suitability analysis 2218.2 Revised universal soil loss equation: soil erosion assessment 2268.2.1 Introduction 2268.2.2 Data requirement 2278.2.3 Indexes calculation 2288.2.4 The pattern analysis of soil erosion 2328.3 Minimum cumulative resistance model: the choice of animal migration path 2348.3.1 Minimum cumulative resistance model 2358.3.2 Optimal path analysis 2358.3.3 Application examples: animal migration corridor extraction in the dali bai autonomous region 2368.4 Hydrological model 240