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数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台)

数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台)

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数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台) 版权信息

数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台) 本书特色

本书是江苏省精品教材立项建设项目、“十二五”江苏省高等学校重点教材建设项目成果,以基于数据库的应用能力培养为主要目标,面向应用型教学需求,重点突出基础性和应用性。按照“理论、实践、再理论、再实践”的思想关联知识,以一个贯穿全书的商品订购管理数据库示例为主线,将数据库基本原理、技术和应用三者有机结合。全书共9章,内容包括数据库概览、关系数据模型、关系数据库语言sql、数据库设计、关系规范化理论、应用系统中的sql 及相关技术、数据库应用开发、数据库保护和数据库新进展。附录a 和b分别是实验指导和课程设计指导。附录c是t-sql 常用语句。本书免费提供配套电子课件、习题参考解答、示例源程序和视频资源。

数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台) 内容简介

江苏省精品教材、适合目前所有ms-sql平台、资源丰富,扫描书内二维码可在线观看操作视频。

数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台) 目录

目 录

第1 章 数据库概览—实例、概念与认识............................................................................................ 1

1.1 数据管理技术的进展.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 人工管理阶段.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 文件系统阶段.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.3 数据库系统阶段................................................................................................................ 2

1.2 理解数据库系统............................................................................................................................ 3

1.2.1 实例——商品订购管理系统........................................................................................... 4

1.2.2 什么是数据库系统............................................................................................................ 5

1.3 数据库系统结构............................................................................................................................ 6

1.3.1 数据库系统的三级模式结构........................................................................................... 6

1.3.2 数据库系统的二级映像.................................................................................................... 7

1.3.3 数据库管理系统................................................................................................................ 7

1.3.4 数据库系统所需人员........................................................................................................ 8

1.4 数据模型......................................................................................................................................... 9

1.4.1 数据模型的概念................................................................................................................ 9

1.4.2 概念数据模型..................................................................................................................10

1.4.3 逻辑数据模型..................................................................................................................12

1.5 数据库系统的发展......................................................................................................................13

1.5.1 数据库系统发展的阶段..................................................................................................13

1.5.2 数据库系统主要研究领域..............................................................................................14

本章小结................................................................................................................................................15

习题1 .....................................................................................................................................................15

第2 章 关系数据模型—关系数据库基础..........................................................................................16

2.1 关系数据结构..............................................................................................................................16

2.1.1 二维表与关系数据结构..................................................................................................16

2.1.2 关系数据结构的形式化定义.........................................................................................18

2.1.3 关系的性质.......................................................................................................................19

2.1.4 关系模式...........................................................................................................................20

2.1.5 关系数据库.......................................................................................................................20

2.1.6 码.......................................................................................................................................21

2.2 关系操作.......................................................................................................................................22

2.2.1 基本关系操作..................................................................................................................23

2.2.2 关系数据语言分类..........................................................................................................23

2.2.3 关系代数...........................................................................................................................23

2.3 关系完整性..................................................................................................................................28

·vi·

2.3.1 实体完整性.......................................................................................................................29

2.3.2 参照完整性.......................................................................................................................29

2.3.3 用户定义完整性..............................................................................................................29

本章小结................................................................................................................................................30

习题2.............................................................................................................................................30

第3 章 关系数据库语言sql—数据库应用基础............................................................................31

3.1 sql 概述......................................................................................................................................31

3.1.1 sql 的特点......................................................................................................................32

3.1.2 sql 基本概念..................................................................................................................32

3.1.3 sql 语言的组成..............................................................................................................33

3.1.4 sql 语句分类..................................................................................................................34

3.2 sql 语言的数据类型.................................................................................................................34

3.3 数据定义.......................................................................................................................................36

3.3.1 模式定义...........................................................................................................................36

3.3.2 基本表定义.......................................................................................................................37

3.3.3 索引定义...........................................................................................................................40

3.3.4 视图定义...........................................................................................................................42

3.4 数据查询.......................................................................................................................................43

3.4.1 select 语句结构..........................................................................................................43

3.4.2 单表查询...........................................................................................................................44

3.4.3 连接查询...........................................................................................................................52

3.4.4 嵌套查询...........................................................................................................................56

3.4.5 集合查询...........................................................................................................................61

3.4.6 视图查询...........................................................................................................................62

3.5 数据更新.......................................................................................................................................64

3.5.1 数据插入...........................................................................................................................64

3.5.2 数据修改...........................................................................................................................65

3.5.3 数据删除...........................................................................................................................65

3.5.4 视图更新...........................................................................................................................66

3.5.5 更新操作与数据完整性..................................................................................................67

本章小结................................................................................................................................................67

习题3......................................................................................................................................................68

第4 章 数据库设计—数据库应用系统开发总论············································································69

4.1 数据库设计概述..........................................................................................................................69

4.1.1 数据库设计的含义..........................................................................................................69

4.1.2 数据库设计的特点..........................................................................................................70

4.1.3 数据库设计的六阶段......................................................................................................71

4.2 需求分析.......................................................................................................................................72

4.2.1 需求分析的步骤..............................................................................................................72

·vii·

4.2.2 需求分析常用的调查方法................................................................................................73

4.2.3 需求分析的描述................................................................................................................73

4.3 概念设计.......................................................................................................................................78

4.3.1 概念设计的方法..............................................................................................................78

4.3.2 er 方法.............................................................................................................................79

4.3.3 基本e-r 模型的扩充.....................................................................................................82

4.3.4 扩展e-r 模型..................................................................................................................85

4.4 逻辑设计.......................................................................................................................................87

4.4.1 e-r 模型转换为关系模型.................................................................................................87

4.4.2 数据模式的优化..............................................................................................................90

4.4.3 设计用户外模式..............................................................................................................90

4.5 物理设计.......................................................................................................................................91

4.5.1 确定数据库的物理结构..................................................................................................91

4.5.2 性能评价...........................................................................................................................92

4.6 数据库实施..................................................................................................................................92

4.6.1 数据库结构定义及数据载入.........................................................................................93

4.6.2 应用程序编写与调试......................................................................................................93

4.6.3 数据库试运行..................................................................................................................94

4.7 数据库运行与维护......................................................................................................................94

4.7.1 数据库的转储和恢复......................................................................................................94

4.7.2 数据库安全性、完整性控制.........................................................................................94

4.7.3 数据库性能监督、分析和改进.....................................................................................95

4.7.4 数据库的重定义、重构和重组织.................................................................................95

本章小结................................................................................................................................................95

习题4.....................................................................................................................................................95

第5 章 关系规范化理论——关系数据库设计理论基础····································································97

5.1 数据冗余与操作异常问题.........................................................................................................97

5.1.1 数据冗余与操作异常......................................................................................................97

5.1.2 问题原因分析..................................................................................................................98

5.2 函数依赖.......................................................................................................................................98

5.2.1 函数依赖的基本概念......................................................................................................99

5.2.2 函数依赖的分类..............................................................................................................99

5.2.3 函数依赖与数据冗余....................................................................................................100

5.3 范式.............................................................................................................................................100

5.3.1 关系模式和码................................................................................................................100

5.3.2 基于函数依赖的范式....................................................................................................101

5.3.3 多值依赖与4nf............................................................................................................104

5.4 数据依赖公理系统....................................................................................................................106

5.4.1 逻辑蕴含.........................................................................................................................106

·viii·

5.4.2 armstrong 公理系统......................................................................................................106

5.4.3 函数依赖集的闭包........................................................................................................107

5.4.4 *小依赖集.....................................................................................................................108

5.5 模式分解.....................................................................................................................................109

5.5.1 无损分解.........................................................................................................................110

5.5.2 函数依赖保持................................................................................................................112

本章小结..............................................................................................................................................114

习题5...................................................................................................................................................114

第6 章 应用系统中的sql 及相关技术——应用开发关键技术····················································116

6.1 在应用中使用sql ...................................................................................................................116

6.2 t-sql 程序设计........................................................................................................................117

6.2.1 t-sql 程序设计基础....................................................................................................117

6.2.2 流程控制语句................................................................................................................120

6.2.3 批处理和脚本................................................................................................................125

6.2.4 函数.................................................................................................................................126

6.2.5 游标.................................................................................................................................133

6.3 存储过程和触发器....................................................................................................................139

6.3.1 存储过程.........................................................................................................................139

6.3.2 触发器.............................................................................................................................145

6.4 数据库访问接口........................................................................................................................148

6.4.1 开放数据库互连odbc ...............................................................................................149

6.4.2 ole db 和ado...........................................................................................................154

6.4.3 ado.net.......................................................................................................................158

6.4.4 jdbc...............................................................................................................................160

本章小结..............................................................................................................................................164

习题6.............................................................................................................................................165

第7 章 数据库应用开发—过程、平台与实例··············································································166

7.1 数据库应用系统的开发过程...................................................................................................166

7.2 数据库应用系统的体系结构...................................................................................................168

7.2.1 单用户模式.....................................................................................................................168

7.2.2 主从式多用户模式........................................................................................................168

7.2.3 c/s 模式..........................................................................................................................168

7.2.4 b/s 模式..........................................................................................................................169

7.3 常用的数据库系统....................................................................................................................170

7.3.1 sql server......................................................................................................................170

7.3.2 oracle ..............................................................................................................................172

7.3.3 sybase..............................................................................................................................173

7.3.4 db2 .................................................................................................................................173

7.3.5 mysql............................................................................................................................174

·ix·

7.3.6 vfp..................................................................................................................................174

7.3.7 access..............................................................................................................................174

7.3.8 sqlite .............................................................................................................................175

7.3.9 数据库系统的选择........................................................................................................175

7.4 常用数据库应用开发工具简介...............................................................................................175

7.4.1 visual studio ...................................................................................................................176

7.4.2 eclipse .............................................................................................................................176

7.5 c#数据库应用开发...................................................................................................................177

7.5.1 c#程序设计概述...........................................................................................................177

7.5.2 ado.net 数据库应用技术.........................................................................................183

7.5.3 c#数据库应用系统开发案例—商品订购管理系统.............................................191

7.6 java 数据库应用开发................................................................................................................203

7.6.1 jdbc 数据库访问流程.................................................................................................203

7.6.2 结果集(resultset).....................................................................................................208

7.6.3 jdbc 数据库编程.........................................................................................................210

7.6.4 java 数据库应用系统开发案例—商品订购管理系统.........................................223

本章小结..............................................................................................................................................232

习题7...................................................................................................................................................232

第8 章 数据库保护—数据库管理基础··························································································234

8.1 数据库保护概述........................................................................................................................234

8.2 数据库安全................................................................................................................................235

8.2.1 数据库安全保护范围....................................................................................................235

8.2.2 数据库安全性目标........................................................................................................235

8.2.3 数据库安全控制............................................................................................................236

8.2.4 sql server 的安全机制................................................................................................238

8.3 数据库完整性............................................................................................................................243

8.3.1 完整性概念.....................................................................................................................243

8.3.2 dbms 的完整性控制...................................................................................................245

8.3.3 sql server 的完整性机制............................................................................................246

8.4 并发控制.....................................................................................................................................250

8.4.1 事务.................................................................................................................................250

8.4.2 事务的并发执行............................................................................................................252

8.4.3 并发调度的可串行化....................................................................................................253

8.4.4 封锁.................................................................................................................................253

8.4.5 活锁与死锁.....................................................................................................................255

8.4.6 sql server 的事务处理和锁机制...............................................................................256

8.5 数据库恢复................................................................................................................................260

8.5.1 故障种类.........................................................................................................................260

8.5.2 数据库恢复技术............................................................................................................260

·x·

8.5.3 sql server 的恢复技术................................................................................................263

本章小结..............................................................................................................................................265

习题8...................................................................................................................................................265

第9 章 数据库新进展—领域知识拓展··························································································266

9.1 数据库技术的研究与发展.......................................................................................................266

9.1.1 数据库技术的发展........................................................................................................266

9.1.2 数据库发展的特点........................................................................................................267

9.1.3 数据库技术的研究方向................................................................................................268

9.2 数据仓库与数据挖掘................................................................................................................271

9.2.1 数据仓库.........................................................................................................................271

9.2.2 数据挖掘.........................................................................................................................272

9.2.3 数据仓库与数据挖掘....................................................................................................274

9.3 xml 数据管理..........................................................................................................................275

9.3.1 xml 概述.......................................................................................................................275

9.3.2 xml 数据模型..............................................................................................................275

9.3.3 xml 数据查询..............................................................................................................278

9.3.4 sql server 中xml 数据处理....................................................................................278

9.4 非关系型数据库(nosql)...................................................................................................280

9.4.1 nosql 概念...................................................................................................................280

9.4.2 nosql 架构...................................................................................................................281

9.4.3 cap 理论........................................................................................................................281

本章小结..............................................................................................................................................282

习题9...................................................................................................................................................282

附录a 实验指导···································································································································283

附录b 课程设计指导···························································································································310

附录c t-sql 常用语句······················································································································314

参考文献···················································································································································316
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数据库基础教程-(第2版)-(SQL Server平台) 作者简介

2004.9 《计算机网络》课件获第二届“方正奥思杯”江苏省多媒体竞赛好课件奖2005.1 校优秀教学质量一等奖2006.12 校科技进步一等奖2008.7 校科技进步一等奖

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