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统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 版权信息
- ISBN:9787111317975
- 条形码:9787111317975 ; 978-7-111-31797-5
- 装帧:暂无
- 册数:暂无
- 重量:暂无
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统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 本书特色
《统计模型:理论和实践(英文版·第2版)》是华章数学·统计学原版精品系列。
统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 目录
统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 节选
《统计模型:理论和实践(英文版·第2版)》内容简介:Some books are correct. Some are clear. Some are useful. Some are entertaining. Few are even two of these. This book is all four. Statistical Models: Theory and Practice is lucid, candid and insightful, a joy to read. We are fortunate that David Freedman finished this new edition before his death in late 2008. We are deeply saddened by his passing, and we greatly admire the energy and cheer he brought to this volume——and many other projects——-during his final months.
统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 相关资料
插图:Epidemiological studies often make comparisons separately for smaller and more homogeneous groups, assuming that within these groups, subjects have been assigned to treatment or control as if by randomization. For ex- ample, a crude comparison of death rates among smokers and nonsmokers could be misleading if smokers are disproportionately male, because men are more likely than women to have heart disease and cancer. Gender is there- fore a confounder. To control for this confounder——a third use of the word "control"——epidemiologists compared male smokers to male nonsmokers, and females to females.Age is another confounder. Older people have different smoking habits, and are more at risk for heart disease and cancer. So the comparison between smokers and nonsmokers was made separately by gender and age: for ex- ample, male smokers age 55-59 were compared t male nonsmokers in the same age group. This controls for gender and age. Air pollution would be a confounder, if air pollution causes lung cancer and smokers live in more polluted environments. To control for this confounder, epidemiologists made comparisons separately in urban, suburban, and rural areas. In the end, explanations for health effects of smoking in terms of confounders became very, very implausible.Of course, as we control for more and more variables this way, study groups get smaller and smaller, eaving more and more room for chance effects. This is a problem with cross-tabulation as a method for dealing with confounders, and a reason for using statistical models. Furthermore, most observational studies are less compelling than the ones on smoking. The following (slightly artificial) example illustrates the problem.Example 1. In cross-national comparisons, there is a striking correlation between the number of telephone lines per capita in a country and the death rate from breast cancer in that country. This is not because talking on the telephone causes cancer. Richer countries have more phones and higher cancer rates. The probable explanation for the excess cancer risk is that women in richer countries have fewer children. Pregnancy——especially early first pregnancy——is protective. Differences in diet and other lifestyle factors across countries may also play some role.
统计模型-理论和实践-第2版-英文版 作者简介
作者:(美国)弗里德曼(David A.Freedman)David A.Freedman(1938-2008)是加州大学伯克利分校的统计学教授、杰出的数理统计学家,其研究范围包括鞅不等式分析、Markov过程、抽样、自助法等。他是美国科学学院(American Academy of Art and Sciences)院士。在2003年,美国科学院授予他John J.Carry科学进步奖,以表彰他对统计理论和实。
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