°üÓÊ ¾­µäÓë¹ãÒåÁ¬Ðø½éÖÊÁ¦Ñ§

**Õ ÕÅÁ¿ÀíÂÛ»ù´¡¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 11.1 Ö¸±ê¡¢·ûºÅ..........................................................................................................21.1.1 ÇóºÍÔ¼¶¨£¬ÑÆÖ¸±êºÍ×ÔÓÉÖ¸±ê¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­21.1.2 Kronecker ·ûºÅ£¬Ricci ·ûºÅ£¨Öû»·ûºÅ£©¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 41.1.3 ÐÐÁÐʽµÄÖ¸±ê±íʾ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­41.2 б½ÇÖ±Ïß×ø±êϵµÄ»ùÏòÁ¿ºÍ¶ÈÁ¿ÕÅÁ¿¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..... 51.2.1 б½ÇÖ±Ïß×ø±êϵ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­51.2.2 б±ä»ùÏòÁ¿ºÍÄæ±ä»ùÏòÁ¿¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 71.2.3 ¶ÈÁ¿ÕÅÁ¿¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­71.3 »ùÏòÁ¿µÄµã»ý¡¢²æ»ýºÍ»ìºÏ»ý£¬Öû»ÕÅÁ¿¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­..81.3.1 »ùÏòÁ¿µÄµã»ý¡¢²æ»ýºÍ»ìºÏ»ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­81.3.2 Öû»ÕÅÁ¿¡¢Öû»ÕÅÁ¿ÓëKronecker? µÄ¹Øϵ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 101.4 ÏòÁ¿µÄ´úÊýÔËËã¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.111.4.1 ¼Ó¡¢¼õ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.. 121.4.2 µã»ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­.. 121.4.3 ²æ»ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...131.4.4 »ìºÏ»ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...141.4.5 ²¢»ý¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­...151.5 ×ø±ê±ä»»¡¢ÏòÁ¿·ÖÁ¿µÄ×ø±ê±ä»»¹«Ê½¡¢ÏòÁ¿µÄ½âÎö¶¨Òå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 161.6 ÕÅÁ¿µÄ¶¨Ò壬ÕÅÁ¿ÐÔÖ¤Ã÷¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 181.7 ÕÅÁ¿µÄ´úÊýÔËËã¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 221.8 ¶þ½×ÕÅÁ¿µÄתÖá¢ÐÐÁÐʽ¡¢¼Ó·¨·Ö½âºÍ·´¶Ô³ÆÕÅÁ¿¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 2