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Contents Chapter 1 Introducing C1 1£®1 Why programming is important1 1£®2 Why C2 1£®3 History of C3 1£®4 Strengths and Weaknesses of C4 1£®5 How to learn C?6 1£®5£®1 Code£º£ºBlocks6 1£®5£®2 XCODE13 1£®5£®3 online compiler16 1£®5£®4 How to sign in to ICOURSE (MOOC) and XUETANG17 1£®5£®5 Can't find GNU GCC Compiler20 1£®5£®6 I can't debug21 quiz 1£®23 Chapter 2 Data Types and Expressions24 2£®1 The General Form of a Simple Program24 2£®2£®1 The General Form27 2£®2£®2 Variables and Assignment31 2£®2 Character set and Keywords33 2£®2£®1 Character set33 2£®2£®2 Keywords34 2£®2£®3 Identifiers34 2£®3 Data Types35 2£®3£®1 integer types37 2£®3£®2 floating types38 2£®3£®3 Character types39 2£®3£®4 void type41 2£®3£®5 Variables42 2£®4 Constants and Variables45 2£®4£®1 Constants45 2£®5 Operators and Expressions50 2£®5£®1 Arithmetic Operators52 2£®5£®2 Assignment Operators54 2£®5£®3 Increment and Decrement Operators57 2£®5£®4 The sizeof Operator58 2£®5£®5 The Comma Operator59 2£®5£®6 The conditional operator59 2£®5£®7 Bitwise Operators60 2£®5£®8 Expression Statement61 2£®5£®9 Type Conversion61 quiz 2£®63 Chapter 3 Program control structure64 3£®1 Statement64 3£®2 Input and output65 3£®2£®1 Single Character Input/output66 3£®2£®2 Formatted Input and Output68 3£®2 The scanf Function83 3£®3 The sequence structure92 3£®4 The selection structure95 3£®4£®1 Relational Expressions97 3£®4£®2 Logical Expressions99 3£®4£®3 The if Statement102 3£®4£®5 The switch Statement112 3£®5 The loop structure119 3£®5£®1 While loop120 3£®5£®2 do while loop124 3£®5£®3 for loop129 3£®5£®4 Exiting from a Loop133 Quiz 3137 Chapter 4 The Preprocessor141 4£®1 Preprocessor Directives141 4£®2 Macro Definitions142 4£®3 File Inclusion145 Quiz 4146 Answer 4146 Chapter 5 Arrays147 5£®1 One-Dimensional Arrays147 5£®1£®1 The declaration of a one-dimensional array147 5£®1£®2 Access array elements149 5£®1£®3 Index150 5£®1£®4 Initialization151 5£®1£®5 Variable-Length Arrays152 5£®2 Multidimensional Arrays152 5£®2£®1 Declaration of a two-dimensional array152 5£®2£®2 Variable-Length 2D arrays154 5£®2£®3 Initializing a 2D Array157 5£®2£®4 Application of the 2D Array157 Quiz 5£®158 Answer158 Chapter 6 Functions160 6£®1 Introduction160 6£®2 Defining and Calling Functions162 6£®3 Arguments168 6£®4 The return Statement170 6£®5 Declaration175 6£®6 Array arguments176 6£®7 Recursion179 6£®8 Sort algorithm180 6£®9 Program Organization188 6£®9£®1 Scope188 6£®9£®2 Local variables and Global variables189 Quiz 6195 Answer196 Chapter 7 Pointers197 7£®1 Pointer Variables197 7£®2 The Address and Indirection Operators198 7£®3 Pointers as Arguments199 7£®4 Pointers as Return Values201 7£®5 Using Pointers for Array201 7£®6 Array Arguments204 7£®9 Pointers and Multidimensional Arrays205 7£®10 Pointers to Functions207 Quiz 7208 Answer209 Chapter 8 Strings210 8£®1 String Constants and Variables210 8£®1£®1 String Constants210 8£®1£®2 String Variables211 8£®2 Reading and Writing Strings212 8£®2£®1 Writing Strings212 8£®2£®2 Reading Strings213 8£®3 Accessing the Characters in a String214 8£®4 Using the C String Library215 8£®4£®1 strcpy and strncpy215 8£®4£®2 strlen216 8£®4£®3 strcat and strncat216 8£®4£®4 strcmp217 8£®5 sprintf and sscanf218 8£®6 Array of Strings219 8£®7 Array of Pointers to Strings220 Quiz 8£®221 Answer222 Chapter 9 Structures£¬ Unions£¬ and Enumerations223 9£®1 Structure Variables223 9£®1£®1 Structure Variables223 9£®1£®2 Structures as Arguments and Return Values228 9£®1£®3 Arrays of Structures230 9£®1£®4 Pointers to structs231 9£®2 Unions231 9£®3 Enumerations233 Quiz 9234 Answer236 Chapter 10 LinkedList237 10£®1 Introduction237 10£®3 creating a linked list239 10£®4 Insert a node242 10£®5 Search a node245 10£®6 delete a node245 Chapter 11 Files247 11£®1 Streams247 11£®2 File Operations248 11£®2£®1 Opening a file249 11£®2£®2 Closing a file251 11£®2£®3 remove and rename functions251 11£®2£®4 Detecting End-of-File and Error Conditions252 11£®3 Input/Output operation on File253 11£®3£®1 Character Input/Output Functions253 11£®3£®2 Line Input/Output Functions255 11£®3£®3 Formatted Input/Output Functions257 11£®3£®4 Block Input/Output Functions259 11£®4 File Position260 Quiz 11261 Answer 11261