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1 Introduction
1£®1 Research Background and Significance
1£®1£®1 China's Emission Reduction Targets and Actions
1£®1£®2 The Development Status of Highway Tunnel Industry in China
1£®1£®3 Research Backgrounds of the Tunnel Emission Reduction
1£®2 Research Status and Review
1£®2£®1 Research Progress on Carbon Emissions from Tunnels
1£®2£®2 LCA Framework for the Carbon Emissions of Tunnels
1£®2£®3 Research Progress on LCA Uncertainty
1£®3 Existing Problems
1£®4 Main Research Content
References

2 Carbon Emission Quantification Theory and Modular LCA Method
2£®1 Introduction
2£®2 Basic Knowledge of Carbon Emissions
2£®2£®1 Greenhouse Gases
2£®2£®2 Carbon Exchange Pathway
2£®3 Basic Methods for Quantifying Carbon Emissions
2£®3£®1 Direct Measurement Method
2£®3£®2 The Process Analysis Method
2£®3£®3 The Input-Output Method
2£®3£®4 The Hybrid Method
2£®4 Overview of LCA
2£®4£®1 Objectives and Steps
2£®4£®2 Functional Unit and Reference Flow
2£®4£®3 Product System and Unit Process
2£®4£®4 System Boundary
2£®4£®5 Data Collection and Calculation
2£®4£®6 Environmental Effects and Assessment Methods
2£®4£®7 Main Features of LCA
2£®5 Overview of Product Modularization
2£®5£®1 Concept of Modularization
2£®5£®2 Modular LCA Method
2£®6 Conclusions
References

3 Carbon Emission Prediction Method for Tunnel Construction
3£®1 Introduction
3£®2 Method
3£®2£®1 Potential Factors Affecting Tunnel Construction Emissions
3£®2£®2 Overview of the Tunnels
3£®2£®3 Calculation Method for Tunnel Construction Emissions
3£®2£®4 Common Prediction Models
3£®2£®5 Data Analysis Method
3£®3 Results
3£®3£®1 Carbon Emissions of Tunnel Construction
3£®3£®2 Factors Influencing Carbon Emissions from Tunnel Construction
3£®3£®3 Models Predicting Carbon Emissions from Tunnel Construction
3£®4 Discussion
3£®5 Conclusions
References
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4 A Modular Calculation Method for the Carbon Emissions of Highway Tunnel Construction Based on the Chinese Standard Quota
5 Uncertainty Analysis of Carbon Emissions from Highway Tunnel Construction
6 Carbon Emission Transition of Highway Tunnel Construction
7 Influence of Tunnel Lining Design Parameters on Construction Carbon Emissions
8 Carbon Emission Characteristics of Inclined Shaft Construction in Highway Tunnel