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Chapter 1 Introduction to EMC 1
1£®1¡¡What is EMC¡¡1
1£®1£®1¡¡The Four Aspects of EMC problems¡¡2
1£®1£®2¡¡EMC-related Issues and Accidents¡¡2
1£®2¡¡Basic Interference Sources¡¡4
1£®3¡¡Basic Coupling Mechanisms¡¡5
1£®4¡¡Basic Sensitive Equipment¡¡7
1£®4£®1¡¡Typical Sensitive Equipment¡¡7
1£®4£®2¡¡Susceptibility of Sensitive Equipment¡¡9
1£®5¡¡Overview of EMI Control Techniques¡¡11
1£®6¡¡EMC Foundations¡¡15
1£®7¡¡References¡¡16
1£®8¡¡Quiz¡¡17

Chapter¡¡2 Classification of Noise Sources¡¡18
2£®1¡¡General Classification of Noise Sources¡¡18
2£®2¡¡The Fourier Transform¡¡19
2£®3¡¡Fourier Spectrum of Base Band Signals¡¡22
2£®3£®1¡¡Single Trapezoid¡¡22
2£®3£®2¡¡Pulse Trains¡¡23
2£®3£®3¡¡Double Exponential Pulses¡¡24
2£®4¡¡Fourier Spectrum of Modulated Signals¡¡26
2£®4£®1¡¡Analog Modulation¡¡27
2£®4£®2¡¡Digital Modulation¡¡28
2£®5¡¡References¡¡31
2£®6¡¡Quiz¡¡31

Chapter¡¡3 Distributed Parameters¡¡34
3£®1¡¡Review of Electromagnetic Theory¡¡34
3£®2¡¡Review of Resistance Concepts¡¡38
3£®2£®1¡¡Basic Definitions¡¡38
3£®2£®2¡¡Self and Mutual Conductance¡¡41
3£®2£®3¡¡Grounding Resistance¡¡43
3£®2£®4¡¡Alternating Current Distributions¡¡44
3£®3¡¡Review of Inductance Concepts¡¡45
3£®3£®1¡¡Basic Definition of Inductance¡¡45
3£®3£®2¡¡Calculation of Inductances¡¡47
3£®3£®3¡¡High Frequency Behaviors¡¡50
3£®4¡¡Review of Capacitance Concepts¡¡52
3£®4£®1¡¡Basic Definition of Capacitance¡¡52
3£®4£®2¡¡Calculation of Capacitance¡¡53
3£®4£®3¡¡Grounded Floating and Shielded Conductors¡¡55
3£®4£®4¡¡High Frequency Behaviors¡¡56
3£®5¡¡References¡¡57
3£®6¡¡Quiz¡¡58

Chapter¡¡4 Modeling for EMC¡¡59
4£®1¡¡Models and Modeling¡¡59
4£®1£®1¡¡Role of Models in EMC¡¡59
4£®1£®2¡¡Modeling Methods for EMC¡¡60
4£®2¡¡Modeling of Nonlinearity¡¡65
4£®2£®1¡¡Power Series¡¡65
4£®2£®2¡¡Volterra Series¡¡66
4£®3¡¡References¡¡68
4£®4¡¡Quiz¡¡69

Chapter¡¡5 Field-field Coupling¡¡70
5£®1¡¡Principle of Radiative Coupling¡¡70
5£®2¡¡Near and Far Field Zones¡¡72
5£®3¡¡Elementary Radiators¡¡73
5£®3£®1¡¡Dipole Antenna ( Electric Current Based Radiator)¡¡73
5£®3£®2¡¡Loop Antenna ( Magnetic Current Based Radiator)¡¡74
5£®3£®3¡¡Aperture Antenna ( Huygens Source)¡¡74
5£®4¡¡Important Antenna Parameters¡¡75
5£®5¡¡Isolation between Antennas¡¡81
5£®5£®1¡¡Friis Transmission Equation¡¡81
5£®5£®2¡¡Modified Friis Transmission Equation¡¡82
5£®5£®3¡¡Isolation on Platform¡¡82
5£®6¡¡References¡¡85
5£®7¡¡Quiz¡¡86

Chapter¡¡6 Wire-wire Coupling¡¡87
6£®1¡¡Galvanic Coupling¡¡87
6£®1£®1¡¡Principle of Galvanic Coupling¡¡87
6£®1£®2¡¡Two-port Galvanic Coupling Network¡¡89
6£®2¡¡Inductive Coupling¡¡92
6£®2£®1¡¡Principle of Inductive Coupling¡¡92
6£®2£®2¡¡Two-port Inductive Coupling Network¡¡92
6£®2£®3¡¡Calculation of Mutual Inductance¡¡94
6£®3¡¡Capacitive Coupling¡¡95
6£®4¡¡Generalized Weak Coupling¡¡98
6£®5¡¡References¡¡98
6£®6¡¡Quiz¡¡98

Chapter¡¡7 Transmission Line Coupling¡¡99
7£®1¡¡Review of Transmission Line Theory¡¡99
7£®1£®1¡¡Telegraphers Equations¡¡99
7£®1£®2¡¡Reflections on Transmission Lines¡¡103
7£®2¡¡Transmission Line Coupling¡¡104
7£®2£®1¡¡Coupling between Transmission Lines¡¡104
7£®2£®2¡¡Effects of Mutual Coupling¡¡107
7£®3¡¡Multi-conductor Transmission Lines¡¡108
7£®3£®1¡¡Generalized Telegraphers Equations¡¡108
7£®3£®2¡¡Special Solutions of MTL Formulation£º Degenerated Modes¡¡111
7£®3£®3¡¡General Solutions of MTL Formulation£º Normal Modes¡¡116
7£®4¡¡References¡¡119
7£®5¡¡Quiz¡¡120
7£®6¡¡Source Code¡¡121

Chapter¡¡8 Field-wire Coupling¡¡123
8£®1¡¡Multi-conductor Transmission Line Equation¡¡124
8£®1£®1¡¡The Equation Associated with Distributed Source¡¡124
8£®1£®2¡¡Description of the Distributed Sources¡¡126
8£®2¡¡Analysis of Cables¡¡130
8£®2£®1¡¡Twisted Line¡¡130
8£®2£®2¡¡Shielded Line¡¡135
8£®3¡¡Penetration Field¡¡138
8£®4¡¡References¡¡140
8£®5¡¡Quiz¡¡141
8£®6¡¡Source Code¡¡141

Chapter¡¡9 Signal Balancing¡¡144
9£®1¡¡Differential Mode and Common Mode¡¡144
9£®1£®1¡¡Coaxial line¡¡144
9£®1£®2¡¡Coupled Microstrip Line¡¡145
9£®1£®3¡¡Parallel Line¡¡145
9£®2¡¡Signal Balancing Methods¡¡147
9£®2£®1¡¡Overview¡¡147
9£®2£®2¡¡CM Suppressing Transformers¡¡150
9£®3¡¡References¡¡152
9£®4¡¡Quiz¡¡152

Chapter¡¡10 Grounding and Decoupling¡¡153
10£®1¡¡Elements of Proper Grounding¡¡153
10£®1£®1¡¡Concept¡¡153
10£®1£®2¡¡Classification¡¡155
10£®1£®3¡¡Minimum Impedance Path¡¡156
10£®2¡¡Grounding Methods¡¡160
10£®2£®1¡¡Single Point and Multipoint Grounding¡¡160
10£®2£®2¡¡Cable Grounding¡¡163
10£®2£®3¡¡Grounding for EMI Reduction¡¡164
10£®3¡¡Decoupling¡¡170
10£®3£®1¡¡Concept of Decoupling¡¡170
10£®3£®2¡¡Hierarchical Decoupling¡¡173
10£®4¡¡References¡¡173
10£®5¡¡Quiz¡¡173

Chapter¡¡11 Electromagnetic Shielding¡¡175
11£®1¡¡Concepts of Electromagnetic Shielding¡¡175
11£®1£®1¡¡Overview of Electromagnetic Shielding¡¡175
11£®1£®2¡¡Classification of Electromagnetic Shielding¡¡176
11£®1£®3¡¡Hierarchy of Electromagnetic Shielding¡¡178
11£®2¡¡Planar Plate¡¡179
11£®2£®1¡¡High Frequency Shielding¡¡179
11£®2£®2¡¡Low Frequency Shielding¡¡181
11£®2£®3¡¡Low and High Frequency Shielding¡¡184
11£®3¡¡Planar Plate with Holes¡¡184
11£®3£®1¡¡Small Holes¡¡184
11£®3£®2¡¡Cut-off Waveguide¡¡186
11£®4¡¡Enclosures for Equipment¡¡187
11£®4£®1¡¡Rectangular Enclosures¡¡187
11£®4£®2¡¡Resonance of the Enclosures¡¡190
11£®5¡¡Aircraft Fuselage and Car Chassis¡¡191
11£®5£®1¡¡Over Mode Cavity Theory¡¡192
11£®5£®2¡¡Extended Theory for Composite Materials¡¡196
11£®6¡¡References¡¡197
11£®7¡¡Quiz¡¡197
11£®8¡¡Source Code¡¡199

Chapter¡¡12 Filters and Surge Protectors¡¡201
12£®1¡¡The Classification of Filters¡¡201
12£®2¡¡Passive EMI Filters¡¡205
12£®2£®1¡¡Second Order Low Pass Filters¡¡205
12£®2£®2¡¡Third Order Low Pass Filters¡¡205
12£®3¡¡Active Filter Circuits¡¡206
12£®3£®1¡¡Operating Principles¡¡206
12£®3£®2¡¡Insertion Loss¡¡211
12£®4¡¡Surge Protector¡¡214
12£®4£®1¡¡Overview¡¡214
12£®4£®2¡¡Design Considerations¡¡216
12£®5¡¡References¡¡219
12£®6¡¡Quiz¡¡219

Chapter¡¡13 Electromagnetic Absorbers¡¡221
13£®1¡¡Introduction¡¡221
13£®2¡¡Planar Absorbing Materials¡¡221
13£®2£®1¡¡Analysis Method¡¡221
13£®2£®2¡¡Two Planar Absorbers¡¡223
13£®3¡¡Applications of Electromagnetic Absorbers¡¡224
13£®3£®1¡¡Reduce the Q Factors of Metallic Cavity¡¡224
13£®3£®2¡¡Improve the Shielding Effectiveness of Metallic Chassis¡¡226
13£®4¡¡References¡¡228
13£®5¡¡Quiz¡¡228

Chapter¡¡14 Testing for EMC¡¡229
14£®1¡¡The Four Items of EMC Testing¡¡229
14£®2¡¡EMC Testing Standards¡¡233
14£®2£®1¡¡Classification of Standards¡¡233
14£®2£®2¡¡Selected Standards¡¡234
14£®3¡¡RE and RS Testing¡¡237
14£®3£®1¡¡Introduction¡¡237
14£®3£®2¡¡RE and RS Related Antenna Parameters¡¡239
14£®3£®3¡¡Wave Propagation in Testing Facilities¡¡242
14£®3£®4¡¡Reception of Weak Signals¡¡247
14£®4¡¡CE and CS Testing¡¡249
14£®4£®1¡¡Introduction¡¡250
14£®4£®2¡¡Line Impedance Stabilization Network¡¡252
14£®4£®3¡¡Current Probes¡¡254
14£®5¡¡References¡¡257
14£®6¡¡Quiz¡¡258
14£®7¡¡Source Code¡¡258

Chapter¡¡15 EMC Design¡¡259
15£®1¡¡Purpose of EMC Design¡¡259
15£®2¡¡Electromagnetic Topology¡¡262
15£®3¡¡Systematic EMC Design¡¡266
15£®4¡¡References¡¡271
15£®5¡¡Quiz¡¡271

Appendix¡¡A Review of Circuit Analysis¡¡273
Appendix¡¡B Wireless Communications¡¡282
Appendix¡¡C Dimensions in EMC¡¡288
Appendix¡¡D Abbreviations and Acronyms¡¡289