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Preface
Author biography
1 Introduction
References
Background and nomenclature: the ideal gas
References
3 van der Waals intermolecular interaction parameters
4 Thermodynamic variables and properties in terms of the van der Waals interaction parameters
4.1 Helmholtz flee energy
4.2 Critical pressure, temperature and volume
4.3 Entropy, internal energy and heat capacity at constant volume
4.4 Pressure and enthalpy
4.5 Chemical potential
Reference
5 van der Waals equation of state, reduced variables and laws of corresponding states
5.1 van der Waals equation of state and reduced variables
5.2 Laws of corresponding states
5.3 Pressure versus volume and versus density isotherms
5.4 Influence of the van der Waals interactions on the pressure of the gas phase
5.5 Boyle temperature
5.6 Thermodynamic properties expressed in reduced variables
5.6.1 Internal energy
5.6.2 Helmholtz free energy
5.6.3 Entropy and enthalpy
5.6.4 Isothermal compressibility
5.6.5 Volume thermal expansion coefficient
5.6.6 Heat capacity at constant pressure
5.6.7 Chemical potential
References
6 Equilibrium pressure-volume, temperature-volume and
pressure-temperature phase diagrams
6.1 Pressure-volume phase diagram and Maxwell construction
6.2 Volume-temperature phase diagram
6.3 Lever rule
6.4 Pressure-temperature phase diagram
References
7 Lekner's parametric solution of the coexistence curve and associated properties
7.1 Thermodynamic behaviors on approaching the critical temperature from below
7.2 Thermodynamic behaviors for temperatures approaching zero
7.3 Coexisting liquid and gas densities, transition order parameter and temperature-density phase diagram
7.4 Latent heat and entropy of vaporization
7.5 Heat capacity at constant volume versus temperature within the liquid-gas coexistence region along an isochoric path
References
8 Static critical exponents
8.1 Heat capacity at constant volume
8.2 Pressure versus volume isotherm at the critical temperature
8.3 Critical chemical potential isotherm versus number density
8.4 Liquid-gas transition order parameter
8.5 Isothermal compressibility
8.5.1 Approach to the critical point along the critical isochore from above the critical temperature
8.5.2 Approach to the critical point along either boundary of the gasqiquid coexistence region for temperatures below the critical temperature
8.6 Approach to the critical point along the critical isobar
8.6.1 Isothermal compressibility
8.6.2 Volume thermal expansion coefficient
8.6.3 Heat capacity at constant pressure
References
9 Superheating and supercooling
References
10 Additional numerical calculations of thermodynamic properties
10.1 Isotherms versus density in the supercritical temperature region
10.2 Isobars versus temperature
10.2.1 Results for pressures above the critical pressure
10.2.2 Pseudocritical curves and the Widom line in the supercritical region
10.2.3 Results for pressures less than the critical pressure
References
11 Adiabatic free expansion and Joule-Thomson expansion
11.1 Adiabatic free expansion
11.2 Joule-Thomson expansion
References
Appendices
A Tables of values
Reference
B Formulas for the discontinuities in isothermal compressibility, thermal expansion and heat capacity versus temperature at constant pressure on crossing the liquid-gas coexistence curve
C Formula for the heat capacity at constant volume in the coexistence region along the critical isochore
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