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A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究)

作者：余太山著

出版社：商务印书馆出版时间：2021-07-01

开本：其他页数： 152

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A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究) 版权信息

ISBN：9787100193665
条形码：9787100193665 ; 978-7-100-19366-5
装帧：70g胶版纸
册数：暂无
重量：暂无
所属分类：
历史
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世界史
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综合

A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究) 本书特色

适读人群：国内外古代民族史研究本丛书的研究范畴是公元前六世纪至公元六世纪的中亚史。这一时段的中亚史有各种原始资料，其中汉语资料无疑是*关键的。可以说，没有汉语资料，这一时段的中亚史无法构建。西方（包括印度、俄罗斯）学者研究这一时段的中亚史已有一个半世纪，成绩可圈可点。其主要缺点是没有充分利用汉语史料。弥补这一缺憾的是日本学者，从白鸟库吉算起，至少已有四代学者投身这一时段的中亚史研究，其主要特色正是利用汉语史料。可惜的是，日本学者很少英译自己的论著，西方学者又多不习日语，因而日本学者的有关成果罕见引用。余氏的研究不仅填补了中国中亚史研究的空白，而且比日本学者更充分地利用了汉文史料，且不说余氏以汉语为母语，对汉语史料的理解应胜过日本学者。该文集的出版则有助于西方学者理解和运用汉语史料，使国内中亚史的研究深入世界，继而使得世界史意义上的古代中亚史研究更上层楼。十本英文著作大部分已在国外发表。著者的译文均经Prof. Victor H. Mair（梅维恒）和Dr. Bruce Doar（陶步思）修改、编辑。两位都是优秀的学者——母语是英语、精通汉语、有丰富的编辑经验、熟悉古代中亚历史，*主要的是极端负责的工作精神。十本英语论著发表时间跨度较大（1990—2017），又经过不同的英语编辑，原译文差异不小，这一次由著者本人历时2年，做了统一译文的工作。

A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究) 内容简介

A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISRTORY是同作者《贵霜史研究》一书的英文版，是作者研究贵霜史的专著。贵霜帝国兴起于公元一世纪初，贵霜王朝与罗马、安息、东汉同时并存，其极盛时期的版图包括了中亚和南亚的大部分地区。贵霜人的统治对这些地区的政治、经济、宗教等产生了深广的影响，由于地处当时东西交通的枢纽，在文化、经济交流中扮演了重要的角色，而大范围的统一和相当长时期的稳定在客观上促进了东西文化和经济的交流的同时，也终于形成了贵霜帝国本身灿烂的多元文化和繁荣的社会经济。贵霜史是古代中亚史、南亚史的重要研究课题，自十九世纪二三十年代以降，一直受到靠前史学界的重视。而我国老一辈学者中没有研究贵霜的专家，甚至没有专门讨论贵霜史的论文。而此书填补了我国中亚史研究的这一重大空白。

A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究) 目录

INTRODUCTION ...... 1

Chapter 1 The Origins of the Kushāns ...... 5

Chapter 2 Qiujiuque, Founder of the Kushān Dynasty ...... 20

Chapter 3 On “Yangaozhen” ...... 44

Chapter 4 The Dating of Kani??ka ...... 69

Chapter 5 The End of the Kushān Dynasty ...... 83

Chapter 6 Some Questions Regarding the Kidārite Kushāns ...... 92

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 123

INDEX ...... 140

POSTSCRIPT ...... 144

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A STUDY OF THE KUSHāN HISTORY(贵霜史研究) 节选

INTRODUCTION The predecessor of the Kushān dynasty was the Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜, one of the five Xihou 翖侯 in the state of Daxia 大夏. The Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜 came originally from the Gasiani, one of the four Sakā tribes that invaded the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. In around 140 BCE, various tribes of the Sakās crossed the Syr Darya and moved south. One group of them entered Bactria, and destroyed the Hellenic kingdom there. The state they founded (which seemed to comprise mainly the Tochari) was denoted as Daxia 大夏 in the “Dayuan liezhuan 大宛列傳” of Shiji 史記 (ch. 123). “Daxia 大夏” [dat-hea] appears to have been a transcription of “Tochari”. In 130 BCE, the Wusun 烏孫 launched an expedition against the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 with support from the Xiongnu 匈奴; they defeated the latter and occupied the valleys of the Rivers Ili and Chu. The defeated Da Yuezhi 大月氏 migrated west and reached the valley of the Amu Darya, defeating in turn Daxia 大夏 and occupying its territory. The Da Yuezhi 大月氏 ruled Bactria and its surrounding area directly, and controlled the eastern mountain region by means of the so-called five Xihou 翖侯. The five Xihou 翖侯 were all the Daxia 大夏 people, who were propped up and used as puppets by the Da Yuezhi 大月氏. The Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜 who later overthrew the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 forces must have been a descendant of one of them. The exact date of the emergence of the five Xihou 翖侯, including the Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜, cannot be known today. There was no major overlord or chief in the state of Daxia 大夏, but a great number of “minor chiefs” had previously ruled independently there. It is possible that the five Xihou 翖侯 were originally “major overlords” of the former state of Daxia 大夏, who were received by the conquerors and continued to exist after the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 had conquered Daxia 大夏. If this is correct, the date when the Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜 and other Xihou 翖侯 appeared could not have been earlier than 140 BCE, when the Sakā tribes including the Gasiani moved south from the northern bank of the Syr Darya and destroyed the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. It is also possible that, after they had conquered Daxia 大夏, the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 appointed five Daxia 大夏 natives who had close relationships with the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 to serve them as Xihou 翖侯 in controlling a part of the former Daxia 大夏. If this is true, the date when the five Xihou 翖侯 who were “subject to the Da Yuezhi 大月氏” appeared could not have been earlier than 129 BCE, when the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 conquered Daxia 大夏. Qiujiuque 丘就卻 (Kujula Kadphises), the founder of the Guishuang 貴霜 dynasty, had been the Xihou 翖侯 of Guishuang 貴霜 in the state of Daxia 大夏. He had allied or united by marriage with Hermaeus (Yinmifu 陰末赴), the Hellenic king in western India, and thus overcome the other four Xihou 翖侯. He established himself as king; his state was named Guishuang 貴霜 after the four other Xihou 翖侯 had been destroyed. After c. 50 CE, he seized Paropamisadae from Gondophares or his successor who came from Sakāstan (the upper and middle reaches of the present-day Kabul River).