Theory and Application of Information Optics

Chapter 1Twoª²dimensional Fourier Analysis1

1.1Frequentlyª²used Several Nonª²elementary Functions in Optics2

1.2¦Ä Function8

1.3Convolution15

1.4Correlation24

1.5Basic Concept of Fourier Transform28

1.6Basic Theorems of Twoª²Dimensional Fourier Transform35

1.7Fourierª²Bessel Transform39

1.8Frequently Used Fourier Transform Pairs42

1.9Linear Systems and Linear Spatial Invariant Systems45

1.10Twoª²Dimensional Sampling Theorem53

Emphasis of This Chapter58

Thinking Questions59

Exercises59

References in This Chapter62

Chapter 2Scalar Diffraction Theory63

2.1Introduction63

2.2Kirchhoff Diffraction Theory65

2.3Frequency Domain Expression of Diffraction Law72

2.4Fresnel Diffraction and Fraunhofer Diffraction77

2.5Calculation Example of Fraunhofer Diffraction81

2.6Calculation Examples of Fresnel Diffraction97

Emphasis of This Chapter102

Thinking Questions103

Exercises103

References in This Chapter106

Chapter 3Frequency Characteristics of Optical Imaging Systems107

3.1Fourier Transform Properties of Lens108

3.2General Analysis of Optical Imaging System118

3.3Transfer Function of Diffractionª²Limited Coherent Imaging System125

3.4Transfer Function of Diffractionª²Limited Incoherent Imaging System131

3.5Comparison of Coherent and Incoherent Imaging Systems142

Emphasis of This Chapter146

Thinking Questions146

Exercises146

References in This Chapter149

Chapter 4Partial Coherence Theory150

4.1General Concept of Coherence of Light Field151

4.2Crossª²Coherence Function160

4.3Interference of Quasiª²Monochromatic Light166

Emphasis of This Chapter175

Thinking Questions175

Exercises175

References in This Chapter177

Chapter 5Optical Holography178

5.1Basic Principles of Holography178

5.2Fresnel Hologram185

5.3Holographic Recording Media192

5.4Holographic Apparatus and Experimental Notes203

5.5Fourier Transform Hologram207

5.6Image HologramRainbow Hologram213

5.7Volume Hologram218

5.8Embossed Hologram223

5.9Application of Holography227

Emphasis of This Chapter239

Thinking Questions239

Exercises240

References in This Chapter242

Chapter 6Spatial Filtering244

6.1Basic Principles of Spatial Filtering245

6.2Structure Types and Application Examples of Spatial Filter256

Emphasis of This Chapter264

Thinking Questions264

Exercises265

References in This Chapter267

Chapter 7Coherent Optical Processing269

7.1Image Subtraction269

7.2Matched Filtering and Optical Image Recognition273

7.3Using Mellin Transform as Optical Correlation276

7.4Optical Correlation Using Circular Harmonic Transformation279

7.5Halftone Screen Technology281

7.5.1Production of Halftone Pictures281

7.5.2Nonlinear Processing of Image by Halftone Screen282

7.5.3Examples of Image Processing284

7.6Other Coherent Optical Processing285

7.6.1Eliminating Ambiguity with Inverse Filter285

7.6.2Optical Differentiation287

7.7Spatial Light Modulator290

7.7.1Significance and Type of Spatial Light Modulator290

7.7.2Liquid Crystal Light Valve292

Emphasis of This Chapter297

Thinking Questions297

Exercises298

References in This Chapter299

Chapter 8Incoherent Optical Processing301

8.1Comparison of Coherent and Incoherent Optical Processing301

8.2Incoherent Pocessing System Based on Geometrical Optics302

8.2.1Integral Operation of Image Product302

8.2.2Correlation and Convolution of Images303

8.2.3Bipolar Signal Processing Technology306

8.2.4Incoherent Superposition Integral Using Defocusing System306

8.3Diffractionª²Based Incoherent Processing£­Incoherent Frequency Domain Synthesis307

8.3.1Apodisation308

8.3.2Wolter Minimum Intensity Detection Filter310

8.4White Light Information Processing311

8.4.1White Light Information Processing Principle311

8.4.2Realª²Time Pseudocolor Encoding Technology313

8.4.3¦È Modulation Technology316

8.5Phase Modulation Pseudocolor Encoding318

8.5.1Grating Modulation318

8.5.2Bleaching Treatment319

8.5.3Filtering Demodulation319

Emphasis of This Chapter321

Thinking Questions321

Exercises321

References in This Chapter323

Chapter 9Application of Information Optics in Metrology324

9.1The Principle and Basic Method of Holographic Interferometry324

9.2Data Processing Method of Holographic Interferogram334

9.3Speckle Effect and Its Basic Statistical Characteristics344

9.4Recording and Processing of Double Exposure Specklegrams353

9.5Speckle Interferometry363

9.6Basic Concepts of Inª²Plane Moire Method367

Emphasis of This Chapter377

Thinking Questions377

Exercises377

References in This Chapter377

Chapter 10Application of Information Optics in Optical Communication380

10.1Fiber Bragg Grating380

10.2Shaping of Ultrashort Pulse391

10.3Array Waveguide Grating394

Emphasis of This Chapter397

Thinking Questions397

Exercises397

References in This Chapter398

AppendixBessel Function Relation Table399