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¡¡¡¡What is the bigger challenge-for a student or the instructor to understand what is important in medical microbiology? Many years ago when I took my first graduate course in medical microbiology£¬ I read thou-sands of pages of text£¬ listened to 5 hours oflectures a week£¬ and performed lab exercises 6 hours a week for 1 year. I was given a wonderful foundation in micro-biology£¬ but I frequently asked the question-that was voiced by all the students-do I really need to know all this stuff? The answer to that question is certainly no£¬ but the challenge is what information is needed.Years later when I set out to write my first textbook on microbiology£¬ my goal was to only give the students what they need to know£¬ described in a way that is informative£¬ factual£¬ and concise. I think I was success-ful in that effort£¬ but I also realize that the discipline of microbiology continues to change as do approaches to presenting information to the students. i am still firmly convinced that my efforts in my first textbook£¬ Medical Microbiology£¬ and subsequent editions are important£¬forming the foundation of microbiology knowledge for a student. This cannot be replaced by a quick search of the internet or a published review because much of the subject matter presented in Medical Microbiology-epidemiology£¬ virulence£¬ clinical diseases£¬ diagnostics£¬treatment-is a distillation of the review of numerous research articles and clinical and technical experience.Having stated that£¬ students frequently turn to review books consisting of abbreviated summaries£¬ illustra-tions £¨should I say cartoons£©£¬ and various mnemonic aids for mastering this subject. As I have watched this evolution oflearning microbiology£¬ I am struck by the sacrifice that has been made. I believe microbiology is a beautiful subject£¬ with the balance between health and disease defined by the biology ofindvidual organisms and microbial communities. Without an understand-ing of the biology£¬lists of facts are soon forgotten. But I am a realist and know the burden students face£¬ master-ing not only microbiology but also a number of other subjects. So the personal question I posed was-is there a better way to present to the student a summary of information that is easy to understand and remem-¡¡¡¡ ber? This book is my approach to solving this question.¡¡¡¡ First£¬ almost by definition£¬ it is not comprehensive. Just as I have carefully selected organisms and diseases to present in this book£¬ I have also intentionally not men-tioned others-not because they are unimportant but because they are less common. I have also not presented a detailed discussion of microbial biology and virulence or the immune response of the patient to an infection£¬but simply presented the association between an organ-ism and disease. Again£¬ I felt those discussions should be reserved for Medical Microbiology. Finally£¬ the orga-nization ofthis book is focused on organisms-bacteria£¬viruses£¬ fungi£¬ and parasites-rather than diseases. I do this because I thinkit is easier for a student to remember a limited number of diseases assoaated with an organ-ism rather than a long list of organisms £¨or a signifi-cantly incomplete list£© implicated in a specific disease such as pneumonia. Still£¬ patients present with disease and the observer must develop a list of organisms that could be responsible£» so to aid the student£¬ i provide this differential diagnosis in the introductory chapter of each organism section £¨Chapters 2£¬ 12£¬ 18£¬ and 22£©.I also provide in these introductory chapters an over-view of the classification of the organisms £¨a structural framework for remembering the organisms£© and a list-ing of antimicrobials that are used to treat infections.The individual chapters in Sections 1-4 are organized in a common theme£º brief discussion of the individual organisms£¬ a summary of facts £¨properties£¬ epidemiol-ogy£¬ clinical disease£¬ diagnosis£¬ treatment£© provided in a conase table£¬ illustrations provided as a visuallearning aid£¬ and clinical cases to reenforce the clinical signifi-cance of the organisms. Finally£¬ examination questions are provided to help the student assess their ability to assinulate this material. Again£¬ I will emphasize that this text should not be considered a comprehensive review of microbiology. On the other hand£¬ I believe if the student masters this material£¬ he or she will have a firm foundation in the principles and applications of microbiology. I certainly welcome all comments on how successful my efforts are.