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INTRODUCTION 8 BASICS 1 Health and illness 10 A Asking about health B Sickness C Recovery 2 Parts of the body 1 12 A Parts of the body B Referring to parts of the body C Describing radiation of pain 3 Parts of the body 2 14 A The abdomen B The chest C The pelvis 4 Functions of the body 16 A Eating B The fifi ve senses C Other functions D Less common functions MEDICAL AND PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL AND PLACES 5 Medical practitioners 1 18 A Practitioners B Specialties C Choosing a specialty 6 Medical practitioners 2 20 A Hospital staff B Medical teams C Shifts 7 Nurses 22 A Nursing grades B Support workers C Specialization D The nurse’s role 8 Allied health professionals 24 A Community health B Technicians C Prosthetists and orthotists D Opticians 9 Hospitals 26 A Introduction to a hospital B Outpatients C Inpatients 10 Primary care 28 A The National Health Service B The practice team C A GP’s day EDUCATION AND TRAINING 11 Medical education 1 30 A Medical education in the UK B Extract from an undergraduate prospectus C A student’s view 12 Medical education 2 32 A The Foundation Programme B People in medical education C Medical qualififi cations 13 The overseas doctor 34 A Types of registration B PLAB C PLAB stations and advice SYSTEMS, DISEASES AND SYMPTOMS 14 Symptoms and signs 36 A Describing problems B Presentation C Talking about symptoms 15 Blood 38 A Full blood count B Anaemia C Pernicious anaemia 16 Bones 40 A Bones B Fractures C Treatment of fractures 17 Childhood 42 A Milestones B Common infectious diseases C Coeliac disease 18 The endocrine system 44 A Excess and defifi ciency B Negative feedback systems C Goitre D A letter of referral 19 The eye 46 A Parts of the eye B Examination of the eye C Retinopathy 20 The gastrointestinal system 48 A Examination of the abdomen B The faeces 21 Gynaecology 50 A The female reproductive system B Menstruation C A gynaecological consultation D Contraception 22 The heart and circulation 1 52 A Shortness of breath B Heart rhythm C Heart failure 23 The heart and circulation 2 54 A Physical examination B Examining the heart and circulation 24 Infections 56 A Fever B Microorganisms C Source and spread of infection 25 Mental illness 58 A Psychiatric disorders B Substance abuse C Affective disorders D Neurotic and stress-related disorders E Other types of functional disorder 26 The nervous system 1 60 A Sensory loss B Motor loss C Loss of consciousness 27 The nervous system 2 62 A The motor system B Tendon reflfl exes C Coma 28 Oncology 64 A Neoplasms B Symptoms and signs of malignancy C Treatment of tumours 29 Pregnancy and childbirth 66 A Childbirth B Labour C Presentation and lie 30 The respiratory system 68 A Cough B Auscultation 31 The skin 1 70 A Some types of skin lesion B Rashes 32 The skin 2 72 A Injuries to the skin B Case report C Sores 33 The urinary system 74 A Urinary symptoms B Urinalysis INVESTIGATIONS 34 Basic investigations 76 A Ophthalmoscopy B Blood pressure C Taking blood 35 Laboratory tests 78 A A Microbiology test request form B A Biochemistry and Haematology lab report C Terms used to describe lab results 36 Endoscopy 80 A Functions of endoscopy B Enteroscopy C Report of a diagnostic endoscopy 37 X-ray and CT 82 A Radiography and radiology B X-ray examination C Computed Tomography 38 MRI and ultrasound 84 A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) B Ultrasound C Preparing for medical imaging D Describing medical imaging 39 ECG 86 A Uses of an ECG B ECG procedure C A normal ECG TREATMENT 40 Medical treatment 88 A Prescriptions and drugs B The British National Formulary 41 Surgical treatment 90 A The operating theatre B Instruments C The operation D An operation report 42 Therapies 92 A Radiotherapy and chemotherapy B A day in the life of a physiotherapist C Cognitive Behavioural Therapy PREVENTION 43 Screening and immunization 94 A Screening B Common screening tests C Immunization for travellers EPIDEMIOLOGY 44 Epidemiology 96 A Rates B Incidence and prevalence C Association and causation ETHICS 45 Medical ethics 98 A GMC guidelines B Bioethical issues C Assisted dying RESEARCH 46 Research studies 100 A Case-control studies B Cohort studies C Trials D Variables TAKING A HISTORY 47 Taking a history 1 102 A A full case history B Personal details C Talking about pain 48 Taking a history 2 104 A Drug history B Family history C Social and personal history 49 Taking a history 3 106 A Reviewing the systems B Asking about the central nervous system C Patient ideas, concerns and expectations D Phrasal verbs in history-taking EXAMINATION 50 Physical examination 108 A Examining a patient B Giving instructions 51 Mental state examination 110 A Some symptoms of psychiatric disorders B Mood C Typical questions from a mental state examination EXPLANATION 52 Explaining diagnosis and management 112 A Explanations B Using lay terms in explanations C An explanation of angina 53 Discussing treatment 114 A Offering options B Advising a course of action C Advising patients to avoid something D Warnings 54 Giving bad news 116 A Principles of giving bad news B A consultant medical oncologist’s report PRESENTATIONS 55 Data presentation 1 118 A Referring to a table or fifi gure B Comparing variables C Approximating 56 Data presentation 2 120 A Line graphs C Describing trends 57 Research articles 122 A The structure of a research article B Objectives C Main fifi ndings 58 Abstracts 124 A Structured abstracts B The BMJ abstract 59 Conference presentations 126 A The structure of a presentation B The introduction C Signalling D The conclusion 60 Case presentations 128 A Sections of a case presentation B Bedside presentation C Slides Appendix I 130 Parts of the body Appendix II 131 Medical abbreviations Appendix III 143 Types of medication Appendix IV 144 Symptoms and pain Appendix V 145 Verbs used in instructions Appendix VI 146 Lay terms and defifi nitions Answer key 147 Index 168