Modelling and Optimisation of Motorway-¸ßËÙ¹«Â·ÔËÓªµÄ½¨Ä£ÓëÓÅ»¯

Chapter 1Introduction1
1ª±1Background and Motivation1
1ª±2Review of Traffic Models3
1ª±2ª±1Microscopic models3
1ª±2ª±2Macroscopic models6
1ª±2ª±3Discussion12
1ª±3Current Practice of Traffic Control13
1ª±3ª±1Ramp metering14
1ª±3ª±2Variable speed limits19
1ª±3ª±3Hard shoulder running21Chapter 2Modelling of Motorway Traffic23
2ª±1Introduction23
2ª±2Cell Transmission Model24
2ª±3Traffic Data28
2ª±3ª±1Flow28
2ª±3ª±2Occupancy29
2ª±3ª±3Speed30
2ª±3ª±4Density31
2ª±4Model Calibration32
2ª±4ª±1Step 1:Free flow line34
2ª±4ª±2Step 2:Capacity35
2ª±4ª±3Step 3:Congested line36
2ª±4ª±4Review of procedure41Chapter 3Optimisation of Ramp Metering44
3ª±1Introduction44
3ª±2Objective Function45
3ª±3Ramp Metering Formulation49
3ª±4Effect of Offª²ramp Position58
3ª±5Sensitivity Analysis of Balance Parameter η60
3ª±6Working Example63
3ª±6ª±1Without ramp metering68
3ª±6ª±2With ramp metering70Chapter 4Optimisation of Variable Speed Limits and Hard Shoulder
Running76
4ª±1Introduction76
4ª±2Variable Speed Limits77
4ª±2ª±1Changes in fundamental diagram under VSL77
4ª±2ª±2Optimisation of VSL79
4ª±2ª±3The effect of fundamental diagram specifications under VSL90
4ª±3Hard Shoulder Running94
4ª±3ª±1Changes in fundamental diagram under HSR94
4ª±3ª±2Optimisation of HSR96
4ª±3ª±3Optimisation of integrated control strategy98
4ª±4Working Example101
4ª±4ª±1Variable speed limits102
4ª±4ª±2Hard shoulder running103
4ª±4ª±3Integrated control strategy106Chapter 5Robust Optimisation of Ramp Metering110
5ª±1Introduction110
5ª±2Characteristic of Road Traffic Flow111
5ª±2ª±1Setª²valued fundamental diagram111
5ª±2ª±2Demand uncertainty115
5ª±3Robust Optimisation of Ramp Metering117
5ª±3ª±1Review of robust optimisation117
5ª±3ª±2Likelihood region119
5ª±3ª±3Robust ramp metering formulation124
5ª±4Working Example127References135