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Chapter 1Introduction of Experimental Organic Chemistry1 1ª±1Basic Rules for the Organic Chemistry Lab1 1ª±2Common Lab Equipment and Apparatus2 1ª±3General Lab Safety7 1ª±4Disposal of Lab Waste9 1ª±5Common Organic Solvents9 1ª±6Experimental Preview Record and Laboratory Report13 1ª±7Chemical Literature14 Reference15 Chapter 2Basic Experimental Techniques17 2ª±1Heating and Cooling17 2ª±2Drying and Drying Agent17 2ª±3Filtration19 2ª±4Solvent Extraction and Solution Washing21 2ª±5The Purification and Separation of Liquid Organic Substances24 2ª±6The Purification and Separation of Solid Organic Substances32 2ª±7Chromatographic Techniques38 2ª±8The Determination of the Physical Constant of Organic Compound47 Chapter 3Comprehensive Experiment56 Part 1Synthesis56 3ª±1Synthesis of Cyclohexene56 3ª±2Synthesis of Ethyl Bromide57 3ª±3Synthesis of 2ª²chlorobutane (secª²butyl chloride)59 3ª±4Synthesis of diethyl ether61 3ª±5Synthesis of Phenetole (ethyl phenolate)62 3ª±6Synthesis of Benzoic Acid and Benzyl Alcohol63 3ª±7Synthesis of Acetophenone65 3ª±8Synthesis of Benzophenone (Friedelª² Crafts acylation method)67 3ª±9Synthesis of Cyclohexanone69 3ª±10Synthesis of Adipic Acid71 3ª±11Synthesis of Benzoic Acid73 3ª±12Synthesis of Cinnamic Acid74 3ª±13Synthesis of Ethyl Acetate76 3ª±14Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate (banana oil)78 3ª±15Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid (aspirin)79 3ª±16Synthesis of Methyl Salicylate (oil of wintergreen)81 3ª±17Synthesis of Ethyl Acetoacetate83 3ª±18Synthesis of Acetanilide84 3ª±19Synthesis of pª²toluidine86 3ª±20Synthesis of Anthranilic Acid (2ª²aminobenzoic acid)88 3ª±21Synthesis of Phenoxyacetic Acid90 3ª±22Synthesis of Methyl Orange92 3ª±23Synthesis of Benzocaine94 3ª±24Synthesis of Nª²acetylª²pª²toluidine96 3ª±25Synthesis of Benzoin96 3ª±26Synthesis of 2ª²Nitroresorcinol98 3ª±27Synthesis of Quinoline100 3ª±28Synthesis of Nikethamide103 3ª±29The Reduction of Camphor104 3ª±30Synthesis of 3ª²(2,5ª²xylyloxyl) Propyl Chloride and Monitoration of Reaction Process106 Part 2Extraction and Separation107 3ª±31The Recrystallization of Benzoic Acid107 3ª±32Extraction and Purification of Nicotine109 3ª±33Isolation of Caffeine From Tea Leave110 3ª±34Isolation of Effective Components from the Citrus112 3ª±35Isolation of Benberine from Coptis chinensis Franch114 3ª±36Paper Chromatography of Amino Acid115 3ª±37Paper Electrophoresis of Amino Acid117 3ª±38Separation of Green Leaf Pigments by TLC119 Chapter 4Appendix121 4ª±1Experiments from the Literature121 4ª±2List of the Elements with Their Symbols and Atomic Masses123 4ª±3Main Families of Organic Compounds126 4ª±4Boling Point and Density of Some Common Organic Reagents126 µÚ1ÕÂÓлú»¯Ñ§ÊµÑé»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶127 1ª±1Óлú»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéµÄ»ù±¾¹æÔò127 1ª±2³£ÓõIJ£Á§ÒÇÆ÷ºÍʵÑé×°ÖÃ127 1ª±3Óлú»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéµÄ°²È«ÖªÊ¶129 1ª±4Óлú»¯Ñ§ÊµÑé·ÏÎïµÄ´¦ÖÃ130 1ª±5³£ÓÃÓлúÈܼÁ¼°´¿»¯130 1ª±6ʵÑéԤϰ¼Ç¼ºÍʵÑ鱨¸æ134 1ª±7Óлú»¯Ñ§µÄÎÄÏ××ÊÁÏ134 µÚ2ÕÂÓлú»¯Ñ§ÊµÑé»ù±¾²Ù×÷136 2ª±1¼ÓÈȺÍÀäÈ´136 2ª±2¸ÉÔïÓë¸ÉÔï¼Á136 2ª±3¹ýÂË137 2ª±4ÝÍÈ¡ºÍÏ´µÓ139 2ª±5ÒºÌåÓлú»¯ºÏÎïµÄ·ÖÀëÓë´¿»¯142 2ª±6¹ÌÌåÓлú»¯ºÏÎïµÄÌá´¿147 2ª±7É«Æ×·¨151 2ª±8Óлú»¯ºÏÎïÎïÀí³£ÊýµÄ²â¶¨156 µÚ3ÕÂ×ÛºÏʵÑé163 **²¿·ÖÖƱ¸163 3ª±1»·¼ºÏ©µÄÖƱ¸163 3ª±2äåÒÒÍéµÄÖƱ¸164 3ª±32ª²Âȶ¡ÍéµÄÖƱ¸165 3ª±4ÒÒÃѵÄÖƱ¸166 3ª±5±½ÒÒÃѵÄÖƱ¸167 3ª±6±½¼×´¼ºÍ±½¼×ËáµÄÖƱ¸168 3ª±7±½ÒÒͪµÄÖƱ¸169 3ª±8¶þ±½¼×ͪ£¨õ£»ù»¯·¨£©µÄÖƱ¸171 3ª±9»·¼ºÍªµÄÖƱ¸172 3ª±10¼º¶þËáµÄÖƱ¸173 3ª±11±½¼×ËáµÄÖƱ¸175 3ª±12Èâ¹ðËáµÄÖƱ¸176 3ª±13ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄÖƱ¸177 3ª±14ÒÒËáÒìÎìõ¥µÄÖƱ¸£¨Ï㽶ÓÍ£©178 3ª±15ÒÒõ£Ë®ÑîËáµÄÖƱ¸£¨°¢Ë¾Æ¥ÁÖ£©180 3ª±16Ë®ÑîËá¼×õ¥µÄÖƱ¸£¨¶¬ÇàÓÍ£©181 3ª±17ÒÒõ£ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄÖƱ¸182 3ª±18ÒÒõ£±½°·µÄÖƱ¸183 3ª±19¶Ô¼×±½°·µÄºÏ³É184 3ª±20ÁÚ°±»ù±½¼×ËáµÄºÏ³É185 3ª±21±½ÑõÒÒËáµÄÖƱ¸187 3ª±22¼×»ù³ÈµÄÖƱ¸189 3ª±23±½×ô¿¨ÒòµÄÖƱ¸190 3ª±24¶Ô¼×»ùª²Nª²ÒÒõ£±½°·µÄºÏ³É192 3ª±25°²Ï¢ÏãµÄºÏ³É192 3ª±262ª²Ïõ»ùÀ×Ëö·ÓµÄÖƱ¸194 3ª±27à­ßøµÄÖƱ¸195 3ª±28Äá¿ÉɲÃ×µÄÖƱ¸197 3ª±29ÕÁÄԵĻ¹Ô­·´Ó¦199 3ª±30½µÑªÖ¬Ò©¼ª·Ç±´ÆëÖмäÌå3ª²£¨2£¬5ª²¶þ ¼×»ù±½Ñõ»ù£©ª²1ª²ÂȱûÍéµÄÖƱ¸200 µÚ¶þ²¿·ÖÌáÈ¡¡¢·ÖÀëÓë¼ø¶¨201 3ª±31±½¼×ËáµÄÌá´¿201 3ª±32Ñ̼îµÄÌáÈ¡Óë¼ø¶¨202 3ª±33´Ó²èÒ¶ÖÐÌáÈ¡¿§·ÈÒò203 3ª±34éÙƤÖÐÓÐЧ³É·ÖµÄÌáÈ¡¡¢·ÖÀë Óë¼ø¶¨205 3ª±35»ÆÁ¬ÖлÆÁ¬ËصÄÌáÈ¡¼°¼ø¶¨206 3ª±36ֽɫÆ×·ÖÀë¼ø¶¨°±»ùËá208 3ª±37Ö½ÉϵçÓ¾·ÖÀë¼ø¶¨°±»ùËá209 3ª±38±¡²ãÉ«Æ×·¨·ÖÀëÒ¶ÂÌËØ210 ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×212