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Contributors. . vii Preface. . xi SECTION I DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY DISORDERS 1 Approach to the Patient with Disease of the Respiratory System. 2 Patricia Kritek, Augustine Choi 2 Dyspnea. 6 Richard M. Schwartzstein 3 Cough and Hemoptysis. 13 Patricia A. Kritek, Christopher H. Fanta 4 Hypoxia and Cyanosis. 20 Joseph Loscalzo 5 Disturbances of Respiratory Function. 25 Edward T. Naureckas, Julian Solway 6 Diagnostic Procedures in Respiratory Disease. 35 Anne L. Fuhlbrigge, Augustine M. K. Choi 7 Atlas of Chest Imaging. 44 Patricia Kritek, John J. Reilly SECTION II DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 8 Asthma. 64 Peter J. Barnes 9 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia. 83 Praveen Akuthota, Michael E. Wechsler 10 Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease. 94 John R. Balmes, Frank E. Speizer 11 Pneumonia. 105 Lionel A. Mandell, Richard G. Wunderink 12 Tuberculosis. 121 Mario C. Raviglione 13 Influenza. 152 Yehuda Z. Cohen, Raphael Dolin 14 Common Viral Respiratory Infections. 162 Raphael Dolin 15 Pneumocystis Infections. 174 Henry Masur, Alison Morris 16 Bronchiectasis. 181 Rebecca M. Baron, Miriam Baron Barshak 17 Cystic Fibrosis. 185 Eric J. Sorscher 18 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 191 John J. Reilly, Jr., Edwin K. Silverman, Steven D. Shapiro 19 Interstitial Lung Diseases. 204 Talmadge E. King, Jr. 20 Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 Samuel Z. Goldhaber 21 Disorders of the Pleura. 229 Richard W. Light 22 Disorders of the Mediastinum. 234 Richard W. Light 23 Disorders of Ventilation. 236 John F. McConville, Babak Mokhlesi, Julian Solway 24 Sleep Apnea. 241 Andrew Wellman, Susan Redline 25 Lung Transplantation. 248 Elbert P. Trulock 26 Neoplasms of the Lung. 254 Leora Horn, Christine M. Lovly, David H. Johnson SECTION III GENERAL APPROACH TO THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT 27 Approach to the Patient with Critical Illness. 282 John P. Kress, Jesse B. Hall 28 Mechanical Ventilatory Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . .294 Bartolome R. Celli 29 Approach to the Patient with Shock. 301 Ronald V. Maier CONTENTS Pulmonary_FM_i-xii.indd 5 04/10/16 10:02 AM SECTION IV COMMON CRITICAL ILLNESSES AND SYNDROMES 30 Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock. 312 Robert S. Munford 31 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. 324 Bruce D. Levy, Augustine M. K. Choi 32 Cardiogenic Shock and Pulmonary Edema . 331 Judith S. Hochman, David H. Ingbar 33 Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest, and Sudden Cardiac Death. 339 Robert J. Myerburg, Agustin Castellanos 34 Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina). 349 Christopher P. Cannon, Eugene Braunwald 35 ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. 357 Elliott M. Antman, Joseph Loscalzo 36 Coma. 377 Allan H. Ropper 37 Neurologic Critical Care, Including Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. 387 J. Claude Hemphill, III, Wade S. Smith, Daryl R. Gress SECTION V DISORDERS COMPLICATING CRITICAL ILLNESSES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT 38 Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure. 404 Kathleen D. Liu, Glenn M. Chertow 39 Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances . 411 David B. Mount 40 Acidosis and Alkalosis. 437 Thomas D. DuBose, Jr. 41 Coagulation Disorders. 451 Valder R. Arruda, Katherine A. High 42 Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bacterial Infections. 464 David C. Hooper, Erica S. Shenoy, Christy A. Varughese 43 Antiviral Chemotherapy, Excluding Antiretroviral Drugs. 491 Lindsey R. Baden, Raphael Dolin 44 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections. 508 John E. Edwards 45 Oncologic Emergencies. 513 Rasim Gucalp, Janice P. Dutcher Appendix. 531 Laboratory Values of Clinical Importance. 531 Alexander Kratz, Michael A. Pesce, Robert C. Basner, Andrew J. Einstein Review and Self-Assessment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .553 Charles M. Wiener, Cynthia D. Brown, Brian Houston