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Contents Chapter 1 Mechanics of Rigid Bodies and Elasticity of Objects 1 1.1 Rotation of a Rigid Body 1 1.2 Rotational Kinetic Energy and Moment of Inertia 4 1.3 Law of Rotation 9 1.4 Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum 10 1.5 Motion of the Gyroscope 12 1.6 Elasticity of Objects and Mechanical Properties of Bone Material 13 Chapter 2 Fundamental of Hydrodynamics 20 2.1 Steady Flow of the Ideal Fluid 20 2.2 Bernoulli Equation 23 2.3 Applications of Bernoulli Equation 25 2.4 Flow of the Viscous Fluid 29 2.5 Poiseuille's Law and Stokes' Law 32 Chapter 3 Molecular Physics 37 3.1 Pressure Formula of an Ideal Gas 37 3.2 Degrees of Freedom and the Theorem of Equipartition of Energy 42 3.3 Phenomena on Liquid Surfaces 46 3.4 Phenomenon of Adhesive Layer of Liquid 56 Chapter 4 Thermodynamics 61 4.1 Several Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics 61 4.2 First Law of Thermodynamics 63 4.3 Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics 64 4.4 Carnot Cycle and Efficiency of a Heat Engine 68 4.5 Second Law Thermodynamics 71 4.6 Entropy and Principle of Entropy Increase 74 Chapter 5 Electrostatic Field and Bioelectric Phenomena 80 5.1 Electric Field Intensity 80 5.2 Gauss' Law in the Electrostatic Field 84 5.3 Work Done by the Electric Field Force and Potential 88 5.4 Dielectric in Electrostatic Field 91 5.5 Bioelectrical Phenomena 95 5.6 The Basic Principle of the Formation of ECG Waves 98 Chapter 6 Direct Current Circuit 104 6.1 Current Density 104 6.2 Ohm's Law in a Section of Circuit with Sources 106 6.3 Kirchhoff's Rules 109 6.4 Wheatstone's Bridge 111 6.5 Electrophoresis and Electrotherapy 113 Chapter 7 Electromagnetic Phenomena 119 7.1 Magnetic Fields Produced by Electric Currents 119 7.2 Magnetic Force on Moving Charges 125 7.3 Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Conductor 129 7.4 Law of Electromagnetic Induction 132 7.5 Magneto-biology and Magneto Therapy 136 Chapter 8 Mechanical Oscillations and Mechanical Waves 143 8.1 Simple Harmonic Motion 143 8.2 Fundamental Theories of Wave Motions 153 8.3 Sound Waves 165 8.4 Ultrasonic Waves and Infrasound Waves 170 Chapter 9 Wave Optics 179 9.1 Light 179 9.2 Interference of Light 181 9.3 Diffraction of Light 187 9.4 Polarization of Light 196 9.5 Absorption of Light 202 Chapter 10 Geometrical Optics 207 10.1 Refraction on a Spherical Surface 207 10.2 Lenses 211 10.3 Refraction of Human Eye 217 10.4 Medical Applications of Geometrical Optics 220 Chapter 11 Fundamental of Quantum Mechanics 227 11.1 Thermal Radiation 227 11.2 Photoelectric Effect and Compton Effect 230 11.3 Wave-Particle Duality 234 11.4 Uncertainty Principle 236 11.5 Hydrogen Spectral Series and Bohr's Theory 237 11.6 Four Quantum Numbers 242 11.7 Atomic Spectrum and Molecular Spectrum 243 11.8 Laser and Its Applications 245 Chapter 12 X-Rays 253 12.1 Properties of X-rays 253 12.2 X-ray Generator 254 12.3 Hardness and Intensity of X-rays 254 12.4 Diffraction of X-rays 255 12.5 X-ray Spectra 257 12.6 Attenuation of X-rays 259 12.7 Medical Applications of X-rays 260 Chapter 13 Fundamental of Nuclear Physics 265 13.1 Composition of the Nucleus 265 13.2 Radioactivity and the Decay Law 265 13.3 Radiation Dose and Radiation Protection 268 13.4 Applications of Radioactivity in Medicine 269 13.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 271