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preface 
introduction 
anne abeill??
1 building treebanks 
2 using treebanks 

part i building treebanks
english treebanks
chapter 
the penn treebank£ºan overview 
ann taylor, mitchell marcus, beatrice santorini
introdution
1 the annotation schemes 
2 methodology 
3 conclusions 
chapter 
thoughts on two decades of drawing trees 
geoffrey sampson
1 historical background 
2 building treebanks 
3 exploiting the susanne treebank 
4 small is beautiful 
5 annotating a spoken corpus 
6 using the christine corpus 
7 conclusion 
chapter 
bank of english and beyond 
timo j?rvinen
1 introduction 
2 annotating 200 million words 
3 engcg syntax 
4 fdg parser 
5 conclusion 
chapter 
completing parsed corpora 
sean wallis
1 introduction 
2 conventional post-correction 
3 a paradigm shift: transverse correction 
4 critique 
german treebanks
chapter 
syntactic annotation of a german newspaper corpus 
thorsten brants, wojciech skut, hans uszkoreit
1 introduction 
2 treebank development 
3 corpus annotation 
4 applications 
5 conclusions 
chapter 
annotation of error types for a german 
newsgroup corpus
markus becker, andrew bredenkamp, berthold crysmann, judith klein
1 introduction 
2 corpus description 
3 annotation strategy 
4 annotation tools 
5 evaluation 
6 first results 
7 conclusion 
slavic treebanks
chapter 
the prague dependency treebank 
alena b?hmov??, jan hajic¡¦, eva hajic¡¦ov??, barbora hladk??
1 the prague dependency treebank 
2 morphological level 
3 analytical level 
4 merging the morphological and the 
analytical syntactic level 
5 tectogrammatical level 
6 pdt versions 1.0 and 2.0 
7 conclusion 
chapter 
an hpsg-annotated test suite for polish 
malgorzata marciniak, agnieszka mykowiecka, adam przepi¨®rkowski, anna kup¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
1 aims and design constraints 
2 correctness and complexity markers 
3 linguistic phenomena 
4 annotation schema 
5 implementation issues 
6 conclusion 
treebanks for romance languages
chapter 
developing a syntactic annotation scheme and tools 
for a spanish treebank 
antonio moreno, susana l¨®pez, fernando s??nchez, ralph grishman
1 introduction 
2 data selection 
3 annotation scheme 
4 tools 
5 debugging and error statistics 
6 current state and future development 
chapter 
building a treebank for french 
anne abeill??, lionel cl??ment, fran?ois toussenel
introdution
1 the tagging phase 
2 the parsing phase 
3 current state and future work 
4 conclusion 
chapter 
building the italian syntactic-semantic treebank 
simonetta montemagni, francesco barsotti, marco battista, nicoletta calzolari, ornella corazzari, alessandro lenci. antonio zampolli, francesca fanciulli, maria massetani, remo raffaelli, roberto basili, maria teresa pazienza, dario saracino, fabio zanzotto£¬nadia mana, fabio pianesi, rodolfo delmonte
1 introduction 
2 isst architecture 
3 isst corpus 
4 isst morpho-syntactic annotation 
5 isst syntactic annotation 
6 isst lexico-semantic annotation 
7 the multi-level linguistic annotation tool 
8 isst evaluation 
9 conclusion 
chapter 
automated creation of a medieval portuguese 
partial treebank 
vitor rocio. m??rio amado alves, j. gabriel lopes, maria francisca xavier, gra?a vicente
1 introduction 
2 the parsed corpus of medieval 
portuguese texts 
3 tools and computational resources 
4 evaluation 
5 conclusion 
treebanks for other languages
chapter 
sinica treebank 
keh-jiann chen, chi-ching luo, ming-chung chang, feng-yi chen, chao-jan chen, chu-ren huang, zhao-ming gao
1 introduction 
2 design criteria 
3 representation of lexico-grammatical 
information: icg 
4 annotation guideline 
5 implementation 
6 representational issues: problematic cases 
and how they are solved 
7 current status of the sinica treebank and 
future work 
chapter 
building a japanese parsed corpus 
sadao kurohashi, makoto nagao
1 introduction 
2 overview of the project 
3 morphological analyzer juman 
4 dependency structure analyzer knp 
5 conclusion 
chapter 
building a turkish treebank 
kemal oflazer, bilge say, dilek zeynep hakkani-t¨¹r, g?khan t¨¹r
1 turkish: morphology and syntax 
2 what information needs to be represented? 
3 the annotation tool 
4 some difficult issues 
5 conclusions and future work 

part ii using treebanks
chapter 
encoding syntactic annotation 
nancy ide, laurent romary
1 introduction 
2 xces 
3 syntactic annotation: current practice 
4 a model for syntactic annotation 
5 using the xces scheme 
6 conclusion 
evaluation with treebanks
chapter 
parser evaluation 
john carroll, guido minnen, ted briscoe
1 introduction 
2 grammatical relation annotation 
3 corpus annotation 
4 parser evaluation 
5 discussion 
6 summary 
chapter 
dependency-based evaluation of minipar 
dekang lin
1 introduction 
2 dependency-based parser evaluation 
3 evaluation of minipar with susanne corpus 
4 selective evaluation 
5 related work 
6 conclusions 
grammar induction with treebanks
chapter 
extracting stochastic grammars from treebanks 
rens bod
1 introduction 
2 summary of data-oriented parsing 
3 simulating stochastic grammars by 
constraining the subtree set 
4 discussion and conclusion 
chapter 
a uniform method for automatically extracting
stochastic lexicalized tree grammars from 
treebanks and hpsg 
g¨¹nter neumann
1 introduction 
2 related work 
3 grammar extraction 
4 sltg from treebanks 
5 sltg from hpsg 
6 future steps: towards merging sltgs 
chapter 
from treebank resources to lfg f-structures 
anette frank, louisa sadler, josef van genabith, andy way
1 introduction 
2 methods for automatic f-structure 
annotation 
3 two experiments 
4 discussion and current research 
5 summary 

contributing authors 
index