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节律与同步-神经科学百科全书-14

作者：LarryR.Squire[主编]

出版社：科学出版社出版时间：2010-08-01

开本： 16开

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节律与同步-神经科学百科全书-14 版权信息

ISBN：9787030280763
条形码：9787030280763 ; 978-7-03-028076-3
装帧：暂无
册数：暂无
重量：暂无
所属分类：
自然科学
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生物科学
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生理学

节律与同步-神经科学百科全书-14 本书特色

《神经科学百科全书14:节律与同步(导读版)》是由科学出版社出版的。

节律与同步-神经科学百科全书-14 目录

昼夜节律Circadian Function and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in HumansCircadian Gene Expression in the Suprachiasmatic NucleusCircadian Genes and the Sleep-Wake CycleCircadian Metabolic Rhythms Regulated by the Suprachiasmatic NucleusCircadian OrganizationCircadian Organization in Non-Mammalian VertebratesCircadian Oscillations in the Suprachiasmatic NucleusCircadian Regulation by the Suprachiasmatic NucleusCircadian Regulation in InvertebratesCircadian Rhythm ModelsCircadian Rhythms in Sleepiness, Alertness, and PerformanceCircadian Rhythms: Influence of Light in HumansCircadian Systems: EvolutionClock Gene Regulation of Endocrine FunctionClock Genes and Metabolic RegulationEntrainment of Circadian Rhythms by LightGenetic Regulation of Circadian Rhythms in DrosophilaGenetics of Circadian Disorders in HumansMammalian Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: FliesMelatonin Regulation of Circadian Rhythmicity in VertebratesNon-Photoreceptor PhotoreceptionPeripheral Circadian OscillatorsPhotoreceptors and Circadian ClocksPsychiatric Disorders Associated with Disturbed Sleep and Circadian Rhythms.Serotonin and the Regulation of Mammalian Circadian RhythmsShift Work and Circadian RhythmsSingle Cell Neuronal Circadian ClocksSleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders in Human Aging and DementiaSleep and Waking in DrosophilaSleep: Development and Circadian ControlTranscription Control and the Circadian Clock季节节律Photoperiodic Regulation of Reproductive CyclesSeasonal Changes in Night-Length and Impact on Human SleepSeasonal Hormonal Changes and BehaviorSeasonal Timing: Neural Mechanisms睡眠、做梦与清醒Autonomic Dysregulati0n During REM SleepCataplexyComaDopamine Control of ArousalDream FunctionDreams and Dreaming: Incorporation of Waking EventsDreams and Nightmares in PTSDDreams, Dreaming Theories and Correlates of NightmaresEndocrine Function During Sleep and Sleep DeprivationHibernationImmune Function During Sleep and Sleep DeprivationMetabolic Syndrome and SleepNappingNarcolepsyNightmaresParasomniasPharmacology of Sleep: AdenosineReticular Activating SystemSleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders in Human Aging and DementiaSleep and Sleep States: Gene ExpressionSleep and Sleep States: Hippocampus-Neocortex DialogSleep and Sleep States: Histamine RoleSleep and Sleep States: Hypothalamic RegulationSleep and Sleep States: Network ReactivationSleep and Sleep States: PET Activation PatternsSleep and Sleep States: Phylogeny and OntogenySleep and Sleep States: Thalamic RegulationSleep ApneaSleep ArchitectureSleep Deprivation and Brain Functionsleep Deprivation: Neurobehavioral ChangesSleep in AdolescentsSleep in AgingSleep Mentation in REM and NREM: A Neurocognitive PerspectiveSleep OscillationsSleep Oscillations and PGO WavesSleep Research and Sleep Medicine in Historical PerspectiveSleep-Dependent Memory ProcessingSleeping SicknessSleep-Wake State Regulation by AcetylcholineSleep-Wake State Regulation by Noradrenaline and SerotoninStimulant and Wake-Promoting SubstancesThe AIM Model of Dreaming, Sleeping, and Waking ConsciousnessThermoregulation during Sleep and Sleep Deprivation原书词条中英对照表

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节律与同步-神经科学百科全书-14 节选

《神经科学百科全书14:节律与同步(导读版)》原书篇幅巨大，为所有神经科学百科全书之首。由来自世界各地的2400多位专家撰稿人合力打造，覆盖了神经科学全部主要领域。每个词条在收入书中之前均经过顾问委员会的同行评议，词条中均含有词汇表、引言、参考文献和丰富的交叉参考内容。主编为著名神经科学家、美国神经科学学会前主席LarryR.Squire。内容平易，本科生即可读懂。深度和广度独一无二，足可满足专家学者的需要。导读版精选原书中的部分主题，按内容重新编排，更适合国内读者购买和阅读。

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插图：The alternation of light and dark is the most reliable timing cue on our planet, and therefore it is not surprising that the retina has evolved a precise timing mechanism that allows it to anticipate and then to adapt to the more than 1 million-fold change in light intensity during a 24 h period. The retina was the first extra-SCN oscillator to be discovered in mammals. Several studies have now demonstrated that many of the physiological, cellular, and molecular rhythms that are present within the retina are under the control of a circadian clock, or more likely a series of circadian clocks that are present within this tissue （Figure 1）. For example, the disk shedding that occurs in the rod photoreceptors is under circadian control. Shedding persists in animals with SCN lesions or a transected optic nerve, indicating its independence from the central circadian pacemaker. Additional studies have reported that sensitivity to light-induced photoreceptor damage is modulated by the circadian clock via a cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP）-dependent pathway. Other important retinal functions, such as visual sensitivity, are also under circadian control. Although results from these studies suggested that retinal physiology was regulated by a circadian clock, they were not sufficient to conclude that an independent circadian pacemaker was located within the retinal tissue. The definitive demonstration of the presence of an autonomous retinal clock in mammals was achieved a few years ago when it was shown that a circadian rhythm of melatonin release persisted in mammalian retinas maintained in culture. In light/ dark cycles, melatonin levels were high during the night and low during the day. In constant darkness, the circadian rhythm of melatonin release free-ran, exhibiting a period close to 24 h. The circadian rhythm of melatonin release in the retina can be entrained by light in vitro and is temperature compensated. Such results demonstrated that the retina can be considered a bona fide circadian pacemaker, since it satisfies the three fundamental properties （i.e., freerunning, entrainment, and temperature compensation） that describe a circadian rhythm.

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