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实验设计和分析

出版社:世界图书出版公司出版时间:2010-04-01
开本: 16开 页数: 740
本类榜单:自然科学销量榜
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实验设计和分析 版权信息

实验设计和分析 本书特色

本书旨在讲述数据调查和统计分析中运用的重要方法,实验设计和分析。书中详细介绍了实验设计过程以及正态分布数据的分析方法,重点强调需要考虑有实际背景和具体目标的实验设计和分析。为了保证数据的可靠性和真实性,书中几乎所有的数据或来自实际数据、或统计专业的学生取得、或应用科学领域、或者科学文献中已经公布的。本书从实验设计和分析的基本原理和技巧出发,继而讲述了一揽子的实验设计、处理对比估计和方差分析。这些基本知识列举了大量的应用。每章末都附有大量的学习统计软件SAS的知识,然而书中的知识可以和任何统计软件结合。

实验设计和分析 内容简介

principles and techniques、design: basic principles and techniques、the art of experimentation、replication、blocking、randomization、analysis: basic principles and techniques、planning experiments、a checklist for planning experiments、real experiment——cotton-spinning experiment等等。

实验设计和分析 目录

preface
1. principles and techniques
 1.1. design: basic principles and techniques
  1.1.1. the art of experimentation
  1.1.2. replication
  1.1.3. blocking
  1.1.4. randomization
 1.2. analysis: basic principles and techniques
2. planning experiments
 2.1. introduction
 2.2. a checklist for planning experiments
 2.3. a real experiment——cotton-spinning experiment
 2.4. some standard experimental designs
  2.4.1. completely randomized designs
  2.4.2. block designs
  2.4.3. designs with two or more blocking factors
  2.4.4. split-plot designs
 2.5. more real experiments
  2.5.1. soap experiment
  2.5.2. battery experiment
  2.5.3. cake-baking experiment
 exercises
3. designs with one source of variation
 3.1. introduction
 3.2. randomization
 3.3. model for a completely randomized design
 3.4. estimation of parameters
  3.4.1. estimable functions of parameters
  3.4.2. notation
  3.4.3. obtaining least squares estimates
  3.4.4. properties of least squares estimators
  3.4.5. estimation ofo2
  3.4.6. confidence bound for ~r2
 3.5. one-way analysis of variance
  3.5.1. testing equality of treatment effects
  3.5.2. use of p-values
 3.6. sample sizes
  3.6.1. expected mean squares for treatments
  3.6.2. sample sizes using power of a test
 3.7. a real experiment——-soap experiment, continued
  3.7.1. checklist, continued
  3.7.2. data collection and analysis
  3.7.3. discussion by the experimenter
  3.7.4. further observations by the experimenter
 3.8. using sas software
  3.8.1. randomization
  3.8.2. analysis of variance
  exercises
4. inferences for contrasts and treatment means
 4.1. introduction
 4.2. contrasts
  4.2.1. pairwise comparisons
  4.2.2. treatment versus control
  4.2.3. difference of averages
  4.2.4. trends
 4.3. individual contrasts and treatment means
  4.3.1. confidence interval for a single contrast
  4.3.2. confidence interval for a single treatment mean
  4.3.3. hypothesis test for a single contrast or treatment mean
 4.4. methods of multiple comparisons
  4.4.1. multiple confidence intervals
  4.4.2. bonferroni method for preplanned comparisons
  4.4.3. scheff6 method of multiple comparisons
  4.4.4. tukey method for all pairwise comparisons
  4.4.5. dunnett method for treatment-versus-control comparisons
  4.4.6. hsu method for multiple comparisons with the best reatment
  4.4.7. combination of methods
  4.4.8. methods not controlling experimentwise error rate
 4.5. sample sizes
 4.6. using sas software
  4.6.1. inferences on individual contrasts
  4.6.2. multiple comparisons
 exercises
5. checking model assumptions
 5.1. introduction
 5.2. strategy for checking model assumptions
  5.2.1. residuals
  5.2.2. residual plots
 5.3. checking the fit of the model
 5.4. checking for outliers
 5.5. checking independence of the error terms
 5.6. checking the equal variance assumption
  5.6.1. detection of unequal variances
  5.6.2. data transformations to equalize variances
  5.6.3. analysis with unequal error variances
 5.7. checking the normality assumption
 5.8. using sas software
  5.8.1. using sas to generate residual plots
  5.8.2. transforming the data
 exercises
6. experiments with two crossed treatment factors
7. several crossed treatment factors
8. polynomial regression
9. analysis of covariance
10. complete block designs
11. incomplete block designs
12. designs with two blocking factors
13. confounded two-level factorial experiments
14. confounding in general factorial experiments
15. fractional factorial experiments
16. esponse surface methodology
17. andom effects and variance components
18. estde models
19. plit-plot designs
a. ables
bibliography
index of authors
index of experiments
index of subjects
展开全部

实验设计和分析 节选

《实验设计和分析》主要内容包括:Principles and Techniques、Design: Basic Principles and Techniques、The Art of Experimentation、Replication、Blocking、Randomization、Analysis: Basic Principles and Techniques、Planning Experiments、A Checklist for Planning Experiments、Real Experiment——Cotton-Spinning Experiment等等。

实验设计和分析 相关资料

插图:In the analysis of data, it is desirable to provide both graphical and statistical analyses. Plotsthat illustrate the relative responses of the factor settings under study allow the experimenterto gain a feel for the practical implications of the statistical results and to communicateeffectively the results of the experiment to others. In addition, data plots allow the proposedmodel to be checked and aid in the identification of unusual observations, as discussed inChapter 5. Statistical analysis quantifies the relative responses of the factors, thus clarifyingconclusions that might be misleading or not at all apparent in plots of the data.The purpose of an experiment can range from exploratory (discovering new importantsources of variability) to confirmatory (confirming that previously discovered sources ofvariability are sufficiently major to warrant further study), and the philosophy of the analysisdepends on the purpose of the experiment. In the early stages of experimentation the analysismay be exploratory, and one would plot and analyze the data in any way that assists in theidentification of important sources of variation. In later stages of experimentation, analysisis usually confirmatory in nature. A mathematical model of the response is postulated andhypotheses are tested and confidence intervals are calculated. In this book, we use linear models to model our response and the methodofleast squaresfor obtaining estimates of the parameters in the model. These are described in Chapter 3.Our models include random "error variables" that encompass all the sources of variabilitynot explicity present in the model. We operate under the assumption that the error termsare normally distributed. However, most of the procedures in this book are generally fairlyrobust to nonnormality, provided that there are no extreme observations among the data. It is rare nowadays for experiment

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