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Ç°ÑÔ Preface Ëõд´Ê Acronyms and Abbreviations ¸ÅÊö Executive Summary 1 ±³¾° 1 Background 2 ½¨Á¢¼à¹Ü¿ò¼Ü£º·¨ÂÉÎÊÌâ 2 Creating a Regulatory Framework: Legislative Issues 2.1 Á¢·¨£º±ØÒªÐÔ¡¢±³¾°ºÍ³ÌÐòÎÊÌâ 2.1 Legislation: Needs, Context, and Process Issues 2.2 ÌìÈ»Æø·¨µÄ·¶Î§ºÍÄÚÈÝ 2.2 Scope and Features of a Gas Law 2.3 ʯÓÍÌìÈ»ÆøÐÐÒµµÄÁ¢·¨¸Ä¸ï 2.3 Oil and Gas Sector Legislative Reform 2.4 ¿ÉÄÜÐèÒªÐÞ¶©µÄ·¨ÂÉ 2.4 Laws That May Need to Be Amended 2.5 ÄÜÔ´ÐÐÒµµÄÅäºÏ 2.5 Energy Sector Interfaces 2.6 Á¢·¨¹ý³Ì£º»ú¹¹ºÍ³ÌÐò 2.6 The Legal Process: Institutions and Procedures 2.7 ΪÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓÎÁìÓòÁ¢·¨ 2.7 Legislation for the Downstream Gas Industry 2.8 ½áÂۺͽ¨Òé 2 .8 Conclusions and Recommendations 3 ¼à¹Ü¿ò¼Ü¡¢ÔðÈκÍȨÁ¦ 3 Regulatory Framework, Responsibilities, and Powers 3.1 ÓÐЧ¼à¹ÜµÄÔ­Ôò 3.1 The Principles of Efficient and Effective Regulation 3.2 ÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓμà¹ÜίԱ»á 3.2 The Downstream Gas Regulatory Comrmssion 3.3 ÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓμà¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄÔðÈÎ 3.3 Responsibilities of a Downstream Gas Regulator 3.4 ÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓμà¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄȨÁ¦ 3.4 Powers of a Downstream Gas Regulator 3.5 ¡°Ðí¿ÉÖ¤·½Ê½¡±ºÍ¡°¹æÔò·½Ê½¡± 3.5 "License-Based" and "Rules-Based" Regulation 3.6 ÖйúÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓμà¹ÜίԱ»áµÄÔðÈÎ 3.6 Responsibilities of a Downstream Gas Regulatory Commission in China 3.7 ÖйúÌìÈ»ÆøÏÂÓμà¹ÜίԱ»áµÄȨÁ¦ 3.7 The Powers of a Downstream Gas Regulatory Commission in China 3.8 ×ܽáÐÔ½¨Òé 3.8 Recommendations 4 ʵʩ¼à¹ÜµÄ½¨Òé 4 Implementing the Regulatory Recommendations 4.1 Ö÷ÒªµÄ¼à¹ÜÈÎÎñ 4.1 The Key Regulatory Tasks 4.2 ¶Ô±»Ðí¿ÉÆóÒµ¼ÓÒÔÏÞ¶¨µÄÓ¦Óà 4.2 Applying the Definitions of Licensed Entities 4.3 ÀûÓúÏÊʵÄÐí¿ÉÖ¤±ê×¼Ìõ¼þ 4.3 Using the Appropriate Standard Conditions of Licenses 5 ¼à¹ÜµÄ³ÌÐòºÍ¹ý³Ì 5 Regulatory Procedures and Processes 5.1 ¸ÅÊö 5.1 Overview 5.2 Ðí¿ÉÖ¤¼°ÆäÉêÇë 5.2 Licenses and License Applications 5.3 ³ÌÐò 5.3 Procedures 5.4 ¹ý³Ì 5.4 Processes 5.5 µç×ÓÐÅÏ¢ºÍ¹µÍ¨µÄ×÷Óà 5.5 The Role of Electronic Information and Communications 5.6 ½¨Òé 5.6 Recommendations 6 ÖÐÑëÕþ¸®ºÍµØ·½Õþ¸®µÄ¼à¹ÜÔðÈÎ 6 Regulatory Responsibility of the Central and Provincial Governments 6.1 ÏÖ×´ 6.1 Current Situation 6.2 Ð迼ÂǵÄÒòËØ 6.2 Considerations 6.3 ½¨Òé 6.3 Recommendations 6.4 ½áÂÛ 6.4 Conclusions 7 ³ÉÁ¢ÁÙʱ¼à¹Ü»ú¹¹ 7 Establishing the Interim Regulator 7.1 Background 7.2 ¿ÉÒÔ¿¼Âǵķ¨ÂÉ´ëÊ© 7.2 Legal Measures for Consideration ¸½Â¼1 ²ÎÕÕ¹ú¼Ê¹ßÀýºÍ¾­ÑéµÄ¡°ÌìÈ»ÆøÔËÊäºÍ³ÇÊÐÅäËÍ·¨ÂÉ·¶Àý¡± Annex 1 Model Legislation Regarding Long-Distance Transmission and Urban Gas Distribution Based on International Practice and Experience ¸½Â¼2 ÖйúÌìÈ»ÆøÐÐÒµÊг¡½á¹¹ºÍ¶¨¼Û£ºÏÖ×´¡¢¸Ä¸ïÄ¿±ê¼°ÏòÅú·¢¾ºÕù¹ý¶É Annex 2 Gas Industry Market Structure and Pricing: Current Situation, Objectives for Reform, and Transition to Wholesale Competition ¸½Â¼3 ÌìÈ»ÆøÐÐÒµµÄ¸Ä¸ïÓë¼à¹Ü£º¹²Ê¶Óë·ÖÆ硪¡ª2002Äê4ÔÂÑÐÌÖ»á×ܽá Annex 3 Gas Sector Reform and Regulation: Consensus and Difference-A Summary of the April 2002 Workshop ¸½Â¼4 ʯÓÍÌìÈ»Æø·¨ÂÉ·¨¹æ£ºÏÖ×´¡¢³åÍ»ÓëÒ»ÖÂÐÔ Annex 4 Oil and Gas Legislation: Status,Conflicts,and Consistency ¸½Â¼5 ÖйúÔÚ¹æÔò·½Ê½ºÍÐí¿ÉÖ¤·½Ê½ÉϵÄÑ¡Ôñ Annex 5 Choosing between the Rules-Based and the License-Based Approaches for China ¸½Â¼6 ¶¨Òå×ʸñÏû·ÑÕß Annex 6 Defining Eligible Consumers ¸½Â¼7 Ðí¿ÉÖ¤Ìõ¼þµÄ¼¸¸öÀý×Ó Annex 7 Some Examples of License Conditions